महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-25

यम उवाच ।
निवर्त तुष्टोऽस्मि तवानया गिरा स्वराक्षरव्यञ्जनहेतुयुक्तया ।
वरं वृणीष्वेह विनास्य जीवितं ददानि ते सर्वमनिन्दिते वरम् ॥२५॥

25. yama uvāca ,
nivarta tuṣṭo'smi tavānayā girā; svarākṣaravyañjanahetuyuktayā ,
varaṁ vṛṇīṣveha vināsya jīvitaṁ; dadāni te sarvamanindite varam.

25. yama uvāca nivarta tuṣṭaḥ asmi tava
anayā girā svarākṣaravyañjanahetuyuktayā
varam vṛṇīṣva iha vinā asya
jīvitam dadāni te sarvam anindite varam

25. Yama said: 'Withdraw! I am pleased by this speech of yours, replete with proper accent, syllables, consonants, and logical reasoning. Choose a boon here; I shall grant you every boon, O blameless one, except for his life.'

25. יַמַה אמר, חזרי, אני מרוצה מדבריך אלה, שיש בהם הגייה נכונה, הברות ותנועות והנמקה. בחרי כאן מתנה, מלבד חייו של האיש הזה, ואתן לך כל מתנה, הו חסרת הדופי.

Words meanings summery:

• यम (yama) - Yama (the god of death)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• निवर्त (nivarta) - turn back, return, withdraw

• तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - satisfied, pleased, contented

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• अनया (anayā) - by this (feminine)

• गिरा (girā) - by speech, by word

• स्वराक्षरव्यञ्जनहेतुयुक्तया (svarākṣaravyañjanahetuyuktayā) - endowed with proper accent, syllables, consonants, and reasons

• वरम् (varam) - a boon, a blessing, best

• वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, ask for

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living

• ददानि (dadāni) - I give, I shall give

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• अनिन्दिते (anindite) - O blameless one, O faultless one

• वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing

Words meanings and morphology

यम (yama) - Yama (the god of death)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama, the god of death, restraint, self-control

Root: yam (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

निवर्त (nivarta) - turn back, return, withdraw

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ni-vṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - satisfied, pleased, contented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tuṣṭa

tuṣṭa - satisfied, pleased, contented, gratified

Past Passive Participle

From root tuṣ (to be pleased).

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula verb.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Qualifies 'girā'.

अनया (anayā) - by this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'girā'.

गिरा (girā) - by speech, by word

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gir

gir - speech, word, voice, song

From root gṛ (to invoke, to sound).

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Means by which Yama is pleased.

स्वराक्षरव्यञ्जनहेतुयुक्तया (svarākṣaravyañjanahetuyuktayā) - endowed with proper accent, syllables, consonants, and reasons

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of svarākṣaravyañjanahetuyukta

svarākṣaravyañjanahetuyukta - endowed with or joined by proper accent (svara), syllables (akṣara), consonants (vyañjana), and reasons (hetu)

Past Passive Participle

Compound with 'yukta' (joined, endowed) as the last member.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (svara+akṣara+vyañjana+hetu+yukta)

• svara – accent, tone, vowel, sound
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svṛ (class 1)
• akṣara – syllable, imperishable, letter
  noun (neuter)
  Not perishing (a-kṣara).
  Prefix: a
  Root: kṣar (class 1)
• vyañjana – consonant, mark, sign, manifestation
  noun (neuter)
  From prefix vi + root añj (to anoint, to manifest).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive, argument
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)
• yukta – joined, endowed, possessed of, fit, proper
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'girā'.

वरम् (varam) - a boon, a blessing, best

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, excellent, best

From root vṛ (to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, ask for

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛ

Root: vṛ (class 5)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

(indeclinable)

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs 'asya jīvitam'.

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, him

Note: Qualifies 'jīvitam'.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, livelihood

Past Passive Participle

From root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

ददानि (dadāni) - I give, I shall give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used in a future or subjunctive sense.

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Indirect object of 'dadāni'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Object of 'dadāni'. Qualifies 'varam' as 'all boons'.

अनिन्दिते (anindite) - O blameless one, O faultless one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anindita

anindita - blameless, faultless, irreproachable, faultless person

Past Passive Participle (from nind) + negative prefix a-

From prefix a- (not) + root nind (to blame).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+nindita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• nindita – blamed, censured, faultfinding
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nind (to blame).
  Root: nind (class 1)

Note: Direct address.

वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, excellent, best

From root vṛ (to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Direct object of 'dadāni', completing 'sarvam varam' meaning 'all boons'.

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