महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-84

का त्ववस्था तयोरद्य मदर्थमिति चिन्तये ।
तयोरदृश्ये मयि च महद्दुःखं भविष्यति ॥८४॥

84. kā tvavasthā tayoradya madarthamiti cintaye ,
tayoradṛśye mayi ca mahadduḥkhaṁ bhaviṣyati.

84. kā tu avasthā tayoḥ adya madartham iti cintaye
tayoḥ adṛśye mayi ca mahat duḥkham bhaviṣyati

84. I wonder, what is their condition today because of me? A great sorrow will certainly befall those two when I am out of their sight.

Words meanings summery:

• का (kā) - what, which

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अवस्था (avasthā) - condition, state, situation

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of my two parents (of those two, their)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• मदर्थम् (madartham) - for my sake, on my account

• इति (iti) - thus, so, a marker for direct speech

• चिन्तये (cintaye) - I think, I reflect, I consider

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of my two parents (of those two, their)

• अदृश्ये (adṛśye) - when I am unseen by them (unseen, invisible)

• मयि (mayi) - when I am (in me, on me; when I am)

• च (ca) - and

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, immense

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - it will be, it will happen

Words meanings and morphology

का (kā) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun, agreeing with 'avasthā'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

अवस्था (avasthā) - condition, state, situation

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avasthā

avasthā - condition, state, situation, stay

Derived from √sthā (to stand) with upasarga ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of my two parents (of those two, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the parents.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

मदर्थम् (madartham) - for my sake, on my account

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mat+artha)

• mat – my, of me
  pronoun
  Stem of asmad (I, me)
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

इति (iti) - thus, so, a marker for direct speech

(indeclinable)

Note: Concludes the quoted thought.

चिन्तये (cintaye) - I think, I reflect, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of cint

present tense, middle voice

Derived from √cit (to perceive, to think)

Root: cit (class 10)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of my two parents (of those two, their)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction 'tayoḥ adṛśye mayi'.

अदृश्ये (adṛśye) - when I am unseen by them (unseen, invisible)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of adṛśya

adṛśya - unseen, invisible

Gerundive/Passive Participle

Negative prefix 'a-' with 'dṛśya' (visible), derived from √dṛś (to see)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+dṛśya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• dṛśya – visible, to be seen
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Passive Participle
  Derived from √dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mayi' in the locative absolute construction, indicating "when I am unseen".

मयि (mayi) - when I am (in me, on me; when I am)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction 'tayoḥ adṛśye mayi'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, immense

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, immense

Note: Agrees with 'duḥkham'.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, misery, pain

Note: Subject of 'bhaviṣyati'.

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - it will be, it will happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

future tense, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)