महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-78

यदि नोत्सहसे गन्तुं सरुजं त्वाभिलक्षये ।
न च ज्ञास्यसि पन्थानं तमसा संवृते वने ॥७८॥

78. yadi notsahase gantuṁ sarujaṁ tvābhilakṣaye ,
na ca jñāsyasi panthānaṁ tamasā saṁvṛte vane.

78. yadi na utsahase gantum sa-rujam tvā abhilakṣaye
na ca jñāsyasi panthānam tamasā saṃvṛte vane

78. If you are not able to go, I perceive you to be in pain. And you will not know the path in the forest, which is enveloped by darkness.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• न (na) - not, no

• उत्सहसे (utsahase) - you are able, you are strong enough, you undertake

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go

• स-रुजम् (sa-rujam) - afflicted by pain, diseased, sick

• त्वा (tvā) - you

• अभिलक्षये (abhilakṣaye) - I perceive, I observe, I notice

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• ज्ञास्यसि (jñāsyasi) - you will know

• पन्थानम् (panthānam) - path, way, road

• तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness

• संवृते (saṁvṛte) - covered, enveloped, concealed

• वने (vane) - in the forest

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उत्सहसे (utsahase) - you are able, you are strong enough, you undertake

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of √sah

Prefix: ut

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: From √sah (to be able, endure) with prefix ut. Middle voice.

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go

(indeclinable)

infinitive

infinitive of √gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Infinitive form.

स-रुजम् (sa-rujam) - afflicted by pain, diseased, sick

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saruja

saruja - afflicted by pain, diseased

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ruja)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• ruja – pain, sickness, disease
  noun (feminine)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, modifying 'tvā'.

त्वा (tvā) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Alternative form of tvām.

अभिलक्षये (abhilakṣaye) - I perceive, I observe, I notice

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (lat) of √lakṣ

Prefix: abhi

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Middle voice.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ज्ञास्यसि (jñāsyasi) - you will know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of √jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

पन्थानम् (panthānam) - path, way, road

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, way, road

Note: Irregular noun stem.

तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom

संवृते (saṁvṛte) - covered, enveloped, concealed

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, enveloped, concealed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √vṛ (to cover, conceal) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Past Passive Participle, locative singular neuter, modifying 'vane'.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove