महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-67

फलाहारोऽस्मि निष्क्रान्तस्त्वया सह सुमध्यमे ।
ततः पाटयतः काष्ठं शिरसो मे रुजाभवत् ॥६७॥

67. phalāhāro'smi niṣkrāntastvayā saha sumadhyame ,
tataḥ pāṭayataḥ kāṣṭhaṁ śiraso me rujābhavat.

67. phalāhāraḥ asmi niṣkrāntaḥ tvayā saha sumadhyame
tataḥ pāṭayataḥ kāṣṭham śirasaḥ me rujā abhavat

67. O fair-waisted one, I, a consumer of fruits, went out with you. Then, while I was splitting wood, a pain (rujā) arose in my head.

Words meanings summery:

• फलाहारः (phalāhāraḥ) - fruit-eater, one whose food is fruit

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• निष्क्रान्तः (niṣkrāntaḥ) - gone out, departed

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you, with you

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• सुमध्यमे (sumadhyame) - Addressed to Sāvitrī (O fair-waisted one, O beautiful-waisted one)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

• पाटयतः (pāṭayataḥ) - while I was splitting (of one splitting, while splitting)

• काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - wood, log, timber

• शिरसः (śirasaḥ) - from the head, of the head

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• रुजा (rujā) - pain, sickness

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it was, it became, it arose

Words meanings and morphology

फलाहारः (phalāhāraḥ) - fruit-eater, one whose food is fruit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phalāhāra

phalāhāra - fruit-eater, subsisting on fruits

compound of phala (fruit) and āhāra (food)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (phala+āhāra)

• phala – fruit, result
  noun (neuter)
• āhāra – food, eating, consumption
  noun (masculine)
  from root √hṛ with upasarga ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: agreeing with 'I'

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

present tense

root √as, present active 1st person singular

Root: as (class 2)

निष्क्रान्तः (niṣkrāntaḥ) - gone out, departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣkrānta

niṣkrānta - gone out, departed (past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

from root √kram with upasarga nis

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: agreeing with 'I'

त्वया (tvayā) - by you, with you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

सुमध्यमे (sumadhyame) - Addressed to Sāvitrī (O fair-waisted one, O beautiful-waisted one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of sumadhyamā

sumadhyamā - fair-waisted, beautiful-waisted woman

compound of su (good, beautiful) and madhyamā (middle part, waist)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+madhyamā)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• madhyamā – middle, middle part, waist
  noun (feminine)

Note: vocative case, addressing Sāvitrī

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

(indeclinable)

formed from 'tad'

पाटयतः (pāṭayataḥ) - while I was splitting (of one splitting, while splitting)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṭayat

paṭ - to split, to cause to split

Present Active Participle (causative)

causative of root √paṭ, present active participle, genitive singular masculine

Root: paṭ (class 10)

Note: genitive singular agreeing with an implied 'me' (my, of me)

काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - wood, log, timber

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāṣṭha

kāṣṭha - wood, log, timber

शिरसः (śirasaḥ) - from the head, of the head

(noun)

neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top

Note: ablative for 'from the head' or genitive for 'of the head' depending on interpretation of 'rujā abhavat śirasaḥ'

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

रुजा (rujā) - pain, sickness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rujā

rujā - pain, ache, sickness

अभवत् (abhavat) - it was, it became, it arose

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect tense

root √bhū, imperfect active 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)