महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-137, verse-81

विद्या शौर्यं च दाक्ष्यं च बलं धैर्यं च पञ्चमम् ।
मित्राणि सहजान्याहुर्वर्तयन्तीह यैर्बुधाः ॥८१॥

81. vidyā śauryaṁ ca dākṣyaṁ ca balaṁ dhairyaṁ ca pañcamam ,
mitrāṇi sahajānyāhurvartayantīha yairbudhāḥ.

81. vidyā śauryaṃ ca dākṣyaṃ ca balaṃ dhairyaṃ ca pañcamam
mitrāṇi sahajāni āhuḥ vartayanti iha yaiḥ budhāḥ

81. vidyā ca śauryaṃ ca dākṣyaṃ ca balaṃ ca pañcamam dhairyaṃ sahajāni mitrāṇi āhuḥ.
budhāḥ iha yaiḥ vartayanti.

81. Knowledge, valor, skill, strength, and fifthly, fortitude are declared to be innate friends. It is by these (qualities) that the wise (budhāḥ) sustain themselves in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge, learning, science

• शौर्यं (śauryaṁ) - valor, heroism, bravery

• च (ca) - and, also

• दाक्ष्यं (dākṣyaṁ) - skill, dexterity, cleverness, ability

• च (ca) - and, also

• बलं (balaṁ) - strength, power, might

• धैर्यं (dhairyaṁ) - fortitude, patience, steadfastness, courage

• च (ca) - and, also

• पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - fifth

• मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends

• सहजानि (sahajāni) - innate, natural, inborn

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• वर्तयन्ति (vartayanti) - they live, they sustain themselves, they carry on

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• यैः (yaiḥ) - by which, by whom

• बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the wise, learned ones

Words meanings and morphology

विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge, learning, science

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, science, learning, wisdom

Root: vid (class 2)

शौर्यं (śauryaṁ) - valor, heroism, bravery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śaurya

śaurya - valor, heroism, bravery, prowess

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दाक्ष्यं (dākṣyaṁ) - skill, dexterity, cleverness, ability

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dākṣya

dākṣya - cleverness, dexterity, skill, ability

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बलं (balaṁ) - strength, power, might

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, might, force, army

धैर्यं (dhairyaṁ) - fortitude, patience, steadfastness, courage

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhairya

dhairya - firmness, patience, fortitude, steadfastness

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - fifth

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pañcama

pañcama - fifth

मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, sun (as a god)

सहजानि (sahajāni) - innate, natural, inborn

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sahaja

sahaja - born with, innate, natural, inherent

Compound type : tatpurusha (saha+ja)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• ja – born, produced, caused by
  adjective (neuter)
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Often substituted by forms of brū in present tense.

Root: brū (class 2)

वर्तयन्ति (vartayanti) - they live, they sustain themselves, they carry on

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Causative form (varti-aya)

Root: vṛt (class 10)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

यैः (yaiḥ) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the wise, learned ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, learned, intelligent, a wise man

Root: budh (class 1)