महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-137, verse-77

पथ्यं भुक्त्वा नरो लोभाद्योऽन्यदश्नाति भोजनम् ।
परिणाममविज्ञाय तदन्तं तस्य जीवितम् ॥७७॥

77. pathyaṁ bhuktvā naro lobhādyo'nyadaśnāti bhojanam ,
pariṇāmamavijñāya tadantaṁ tasya jīvitam.

77. pathyam bhuktvā naraḥ lobhāt yaḥ anyat aśnāti
bhojanam pariṇāmam avijñāya tadantam tasya jīvitam

77. yaḥ naraḥ pathyam bhuktvā lobhāt anyat bhojanam
pariṇāmam avijñāya aśnāti tasya jīvitam tadantam

77. The life of a person who, out of greed, consumes other food after having eaten wholesome food, without considering the consequences, will meet its end.

Words meanings summery:

• पथ्यम् (pathyam) - wholesome food, suitable for one's path/health

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, having enjoyed, having consumed

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person, human being

• लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed, out of avarice, owing to covetousness

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, that)

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another

• अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats, consumes, partakes of

• भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, meal, eating

• परिणामम् (pariṇāmam) - consequence, result, outcome, digestion

• अविज्ञाय (avijñāya) - without considering (not knowing, without ascertaining, ignorantly)

• तदन्तम् (tadantam) - will meet its end (ending with that, having that as its end, terminating in that)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (life) (of him, his, of that)

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living, duration of life

Words meanings and morphology

पथ्यम् (pathyam) - wholesome food, suitable for one's path/health

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - suitable for the path, wholesome, salubrious, diet

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From 'path' (path) + 'ya' suffix, meaning 'suitable for the path'. Often used as a noun for 'wholesome food'.

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, having enjoyed, having consumed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'bhuj' (to eat, to enjoy)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed, out of avarice, owing to covetousness

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, avarice, covetousness, desire

From root 'lubh' (to covet, to be confused)

Root: lubh (class 4)

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, that (relative pronoun)

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with 'bhojanam'

अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats, consumes, partakes of

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of aś

Root: aś (class 9)

भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, meal, eating

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhojana

bhojana - food, meal, eating, feeding

From root 'bhuj' (to eat)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

परिणामम् (pariṇāmam) - consequence, result, outcome, digestion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pariṇāma

pariṇāma - transformation, change, consequence, result, digestion

From root 'nam' with prefix 'pari'

Prefix: pari

Root: nam (class 1)

अविज्ञाय (avijñāya) - without considering (not knowing, without ascertaining, ignorantly)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'jñā' with prefixes 'a-' (negation) and 'vi-'

Prefixes: a+vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

तदन्तम् (tadantam) - will meet its end (ending with that, having that as its end, terminating in that)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tadanta

tadanta - ending with that, having that as its end

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (tat+anta)

• tat – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• anta – end, termination, limit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'jīvitam'

तस्य (tasya) - his (life) (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living, duration of life

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, duration of life

From root 'jīv' (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)