महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-137, verse-36

ब्रह्मदत्त उवाच ।
संवासाज्जायते स्नेहो जीवितान्तकरेष्वपि ।
अन्योन्यस्य च विश्वासः श्वपचेन शुनो यथा ॥३६॥

36. brahmadatta uvāca ,
saṁvāsājjāyate sneho jīvitāntakareṣvapi ,
anyonyasya ca viśvāsaḥ śvapacena śuno yathā.

36. brahmadatta uvāca saṃvāsāt jāyate snehaḥ jīvitāntakareṣu
api anyonyasya ca viśvāsaḥ śvapacena śunaḥ yathā

36. brahmadatta uvāca saṃvāsāt jīvitāntakareṣu api snehaḥ
jāyate ca anyonyasya viśvāsaḥ śvapacena śunaḥ yathā

36. Brahmadatta said: Affection (sneha) arises from cohabitation, even towards those who are life-threatening. And mutual trust also develops, just as it does between a dog and a dog-eater (śvapaca).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मदत्त (brahmadatta) - Brahmadatta (the speaker) (Brahmadatta (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (by Brahmadatta) (said, spoke)

• संवासात् (saṁvāsāt) - from cohabitation (from living together, from cohabitation, from close association)

• जायते (jāyate) - arises, develops (is born, arises, is produced)

• स्नेहः (snehaḥ) - affection (sneha) (affection, love, attachment, oil, grease)

• जीवितान्तकरेषु (jīvitāntakareṣu) - towards those who are life-threatening (in those who end life, among life-enders)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

• अन्योन्यस्य (anyonyasya) - mutual (possessive) (of mutual, of each other)

• च (ca) - and, also (and, also, moreover)

• विश्वासः (viśvāsaḥ) - trust (trust, confidence, faith)

• श्वपचेन (śvapacena) - between a dog-eater (śvapaca) (by a dog-eater, by a caṇḍāla (an outcaste))

• शुनः (śunaḥ) - of a dog

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like (as, just as, in what manner)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मदत्त (brahmadatta) - Brahmadatta (the speaker) (Brahmadatta (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmadatta

brahmadatta - Given by Brahma, a proper name (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (by Brahmadatta) (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Derived from root √vac (to speak), perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

संवासात् (saṁvāsāt) - from cohabitation (from living together, from cohabitation, from close association)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃvāsa

saṁvāsa - living together, cohabitation, close association, intimacy

Derived from 'sam-' (together) and root √vas (to dwell).

Prefix: sam

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Source from which affection and trust arise.

जायते (jāyate) - arises, develops (is born, arises, is produced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of jan

Present Middle

Derived from root √jan (to be born), present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (often deponent).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Verb for 'snehaḥ' and 'viśvāsaḥ'.

स्नेहः (snehaḥ) - affection (sneha) (affection, love, attachment, oil, grease)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, attachment, tenderness, oil, fat

From root √snih (to be sticky, to love).

Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'jāyate'.

जीवितान्तकरेषु (jīvitāntakareṣu) - towards those who are life-threatening (in those who end life, among life-enders)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of jīvitāntakara

jīvitāntakara - causing the end of life, life-threatening, deadly

Compound of 'jīvita' (life) and 'antakara' (ending, causing the end).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jīvita+antakara)

• jīvita – life, living, alive
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
  Derived from root √jīv (to live).
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• antakara – causing an end, destroying, terminator, death-maker
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of 'anta' (end) and 'kara' (maker, doer, from root √kṛ).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses the target or context of affection.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'jīvitāntakareṣu'.

अन्योन्यस्य (anyonyasya) - mutual (possessive) (of mutual, of each other)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anyonya

anyonya - mutual, each other, reciprocal

Compound of 'anya' (other) and 'anya' (other).

Note: Qualifies 'viśvāsaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'snehaḥ' and 'viśvāsaḥ'.

विश्वासः (viśvāsaḥ) - trust (trust, confidence, faith)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāsa

viśvāsa - trust, confidence, faith, reliance

Derived from prefix 'vi-' and root √śvas (to trust).

Prefix: vi

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Another subject of 'jāyate'.

श्वपचेन (śvapacena) - between a dog-eater (śvapaca) (by a dog-eater, by a caṇḍāla (an outcaste))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śvapaca

śvapaca - dog-eater, caṇḍāla, outcaste (a low-caste person)

Compound of 'śvan' (dog) and 'paca' (cooker, eater).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (śvan+paca)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• paca – cooker, eater, one who cooks
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √pac (to cook, to ripen).
  Root: pac (class 1)

Note: Denotes the agent in the simile or one party of the relationship.

शुनः (śunaḥ) - of a dog

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

Genitive singular of 'śvan'.

Note: Possessive, referring to the dog's trust.

यथा (yathā) - just as, like (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.