महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-88, verse-31

आधिराज्यं महद्दीप्तं प्रथितं मधुसूदन ।
आहृतं येन वीर्येण कुरूणां सर्वराजसु ॥३१॥

31. ādhirājyaṁ mahaddīptaṁ prathitaṁ madhusūdana ,
āhṛtaṁ yena vīryeṇa kurūṇāṁ sarvarājasu.

31. ādhirājyam mahat dīptam prathitam madhusūdana
āhṛtam yena vīryeṇa kurūṇām sarvarājasu

31. O Madhusūdana, (he) by whose valor the great, splendid, and renowned supreme sovereignty was acquired among all the kings of the Kurus.

Words meanings summery:

• आधिराज्यम् (ādhirājyam) - supreme sovereignty, paramount rule

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• दीप्तम् (dīptam) - splendid, radiant, shining

• प्रथितम् (prathitam) - renowned, famous, spread

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - Addressing Krishna (O slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Krishna/Vishnu))

• आहृतम् (āhṛtam) - acquired, brought, obtained

• येन (yena) - by the person being described (by whom, by which)

• वीर्येण (vīryeṇa) - by valor, by prowess, by strength

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus, among the Kurus

• सर्वराजसु (sarvarājasu) - among all kings

Words meanings and morphology

आधिराज्यम् (ādhirājyam) - supreme sovereignty, paramount rule

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ādhirājya

ādhirājya - supreme sovereignty, paramount rule

Derived noun from 'adhi-rājya'

Prefix: adhi

Root: rāj (class 10)

Note: Used here as the topic being described.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Qualifies 'ādhirājyam'.

दीप्तम् (dīptam) - splendid, radiant, shining

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dīpta

dīpta - shining, radiant, splendid, resplendent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dīp' (to shine) with suffix '-ta'

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'ādhirājyam'.

प्रथितम् (prathitam) - renowned, famous, spread

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prathita

prathita - renowned, famous, spread, well-known

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'prath' (to spread, be famous) with suffix '-ta'

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ādhirājyam'.

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - Addressing Krishna (O slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Krishna/Vishnu))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of Madhu, epithet of Krishna/Vishnu

Compound: Madhu (demon) + sūdana (slayer)

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, name of a demon
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'sūd'
  Root: sūd (class 10)

आहृतम् (āhṛtam) - acquired, brought, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āhṛta

āhṛta - acquired, brought, obtained, collected

Past Passive Participle

From root 'hṛ' (to carry, seize) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ādhirājyam'.

येन (yena) - by the person being described (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the agent of acquiring the sovereignty.

वीर्येण (vīryeṇa) - by valor, by prowess, by strength

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, prowess, strength, heroism

Note: Instrumental of means.

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus, among the Kurus

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - name of an ancient king, his descendants (the Kurus)

सर्वराजसु (sarvarājasu) - among all kings

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarvarāja

sarvarāja - all kings

Compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+rājan)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used with 'Kurūṇām' to mean 'among all the kings of the Kurus'.