महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-88, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अथोपगम्य विदुरमपराह्णे जनार्दनः ।
पितृष्वसारं गोविन्दः सोऽभ्यगच्छदरिंदमः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
athopagamya viduramaparāhṇe janārdanaḥ ,
pitṛṣvasāraṁ govindaḥ so'bhyagacchadariṁdamaḥ.

1. vaiśampāyana uvāca | atha upagamya viduram aparāhṇe
janārdanaḥ | pitṛṣvasāram govindaḥ saḥ abhyagacchat arindamaḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, in the afternoon, Krishna (Govinda), who was Janārdana and the subduer of enemies (arindamaḥ), having approached Vidura, went to his paternal aunt (pitṛṣvasāram).

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (then, now, thereupon)

• उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached (having approached, having gone near)

• विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura

• अपराह्णे (aparāhṇe) - in the afternoon (in the afternoon, at dusk)

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Krishna (Janārdana) (Krishna (agitator of people))

• पितृष्वसारम् (pitṛṣvasāram) - paternal aunt

• गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Krishna (Govinda) (Govinda, Krishna)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Govinda) (he, that)

• अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - went to, approached (went towards, approached)

• अरिन्दमः (arindamaḥ) - subduer of enemies (referring to Krishna) (subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

Descendant of Viśampāyana.

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Verb of narration.

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached (having approached, having gone near)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root gam (to go) with prefix upa, and suffix lyap.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (a character in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Object of 'upagamya'.

अपराह्णे (aparāhṇe) - in the afternoon (in the afternoon, at dusk)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aparāhṇa

aparāhṇa - afternoon, latter part of the day

Compound apara (later) + ahna (day).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apara+ahna)

• apara – later, subsequent, other
  adjective (masculine)
• ahna – day
  noun (neuter)
  Often appears in compounds for ahan.

Note: Adverbial use.

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Krishna (Janārdana) (Krishna (agitator of people))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - agitator of men; one who is sought by men; an epithet of Krishna or Vishnu

From jana (people) + ardan (agitating/destroying or requesting).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+ardana)

• jana – people, man, creature
  noun (masculine)
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ardana – tormenting, destroying, supplicating, requesting
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛd (to pain, trouble) or ard (to ask, obtain).
  Root: ṛd / ard (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Govinda.

पितृष्वसारम् (pitṛṣvasāram) - paternal aunt

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pitṛṣvasṛ

pitṛṣvasṛ - paternal aunt (father's sister)

Compound pitṛ (father) + svasṛ (sister).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+svasṛ)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• svasṛ – sister
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'abhyagacchat'.

गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Krishna (Govinda) (Govinda, Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of govinda

govinda - Govinda (an epithet of Krishna); protector of cows, finder of cows

Note: Main subject of 'abhyagacchat'.

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Govinda) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'govindaḥ'.

अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - went to, approached (went towards, approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhigam

From root gam (to go) with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

अरिन्दमः (arindamaḥ) - subduer of enemies (referring to Krishna) (subduer of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arindama

arindama - subduer of enemies, enemy-destroyer

Compound ari (enemy) + dama (subduer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛ (to move, go).
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• dama – subduing, taming, self-control
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam (to tame, subdue).
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Govinda.