महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-83, verse-42

ततो देवपथं गच्छेन्नियतो नियताशनः ।
देवसत्रस्य यत्पुण्यं तदवाप्नोति मानवः ॥४२॥

42. tato devapathaṁ gacchenniyato niyatāśanaḥ ,
devasatrasya yatpuṇyaṁ tadavāpnoti mānavaḥ.

42. tataḥ devapatham gacchet niyataḥ niyatāśanaḥ
devasatrasya yat puṇyam tat avāpnoti mānavaḥ

42. tataḥ niyataḥ niyatāśanaḥ mānavaḥ devapatham
gacchet yat devasatrasya puṇyam tat avāpnoti

42. Thereafter, a person (mānava) who is self-controlled and moderate in diet should proceed to the path of the gods. That person obtains whatever merit (puṇya) is associated with a Devasatra (Vedic ritual).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (thereafter, then, from that)

• देवपथम् (devapatham) - the path of the gods, divine path

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - one should go, may go

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled (controlled, restrained, disciplined)

• नियताशनः (niyatāśanaḥ) - moderate in diet (moderate in eating, abstemious)

• देवसत्रस्य (devasatrasya) - of the Devasatra, of the Vedic ritual for gods

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever)

• पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - merit, virtue, spiritual good

• तत् (tat) - that (merit) (that, that (merit))

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains (obtains, reaches, attains)

• मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a person (a human being, man)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (thereafter, then, from that)

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix tasil added to tad

देवपथम् (devapatham) - the path of the gods, divine path

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devapatha

devapatha - path of the gods, divine path

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+patha)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• patha – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
  Root: path

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - one should go, may go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gam

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Parasmaipada

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled (controlled, restrained, disciplined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - restrained, controlled, disciplined

Past Passive Participle

from ni-yam (to restrain, control)

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies mānavaḥ

नियताशनः (niyatāśanaḥ) - moderate in diet (moderate in eating, abstemious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatāśana

niyatāśana - one who has controlled his eating, moderate in diet

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niyata+aśana)

• niyata – restrained, controlled, disciplined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from ni-yam (to restrain, control)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• aśana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)
  from root aś (to eat)
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Qualifies mānavaḥ

देवसत्रस्य (devasatrasya) - of the Devasatra, of the Vedic ritual for gods

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of devasatra

devasatra - a long Vedic ritual (yajña) for gods, a sacrifice to gods

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+satra)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• satra – a large or long Vedic ritual (yajña), a sacrifice, an assembly
  noun (neuter)
  from root sad (to sit)
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Refers to the merit (puṇya) of this specific ritual.

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Agrees with puṇyam

पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - merit, virtue, spiritual good

(noun)

neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - merit, virtue, good deed

Root: puṇ (class 1)

Note: Object of avāpnoti

तत् (tat) - that (merit) (that, that (merit))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Correlative to yat puṇyam.

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains (obtains, reaches, attains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of ava-āp

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular, Parasmaipada

from ava-āp (to obtain)

Prefixes: ava+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a person (a human being, man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānava

mānava - human, a human being, man

derived from manu (Manu's offspring)

Note: Subject of avāpnoti