महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-83, verse-10

ऋषभं तीर्थमासाद्य कोशलायां नराधिप ।
वाजपेयमवाप्नोति त्रिरात्रोपोषितो नरः ॥१०॥

10. ṛṣabhaṁ tīrthamāsādya kośalāyāṁ narādhipa ,
vājapeyamavāpnoti trirātropoṣito naraḥ.

10. ṛṣabham tīrtham āsādya kośalāyām narādhipa
vājapeyam avāpnoti trirātropoṣitaḥ naraḥ

10. narādhipa kośalāyām ṛṣabham tīrtham āsādya
trirātropoṣitaḥ naraḥ vājapeyam avāpnoti

10. O king (Narādhipa)! A person (naraḥ) who has fasted for three nights, after reaching the sacred site (tīrtha) named Ṛṣabha in the Kośalā region, attains the fruit of the Vājapeya Vedic ritual.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषभम् (ṛṣabham) - referring to a specific sacred place (tīrtha) named Ṛṣabha, which is excellent or prominent (Ṛṣabha (proper name); bull, chief, excellent)

• तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - a holy site for pilgrimage and ritual bathing, specifically Ṛṣabha tīrtha (sacred place, ford, bathing place, pilgrimage site)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having arrived at a sacred place, Ṛṣabha tīrtha (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

• कोशलायाम् (kośalāyām) - referring to the ancient kingdom or region of Kośalā where Ṛṣabha tīrtha is located (in Kośalā)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - an honorific address to Yudhiṣṭhira, the recipient of the teaching (O king, O ruler of men)

• वाजपेयम् (vājapeyam) - referring to the specific royal Vedic ritual (yajña) known as Vājapeya, whose fruit is attained (Vājapeya (Vedic ritual))

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - achieves the merit or result of performing the Vājapeya Vedic ritual (obtains, attains, reaches)

• त्रिरात्रोपोषितः (trirātropoṣitaḥ) - a person undertaking the religious penance of a three-night fast (one who has fasted for three nights)

• नरः (naraḥ) - the individual performing the actions described in the verse (man, person, human being)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषभम् (ṛṣabham) - referring to a specific sacred place (tīrtha) named Ṛṣabha, which is excellent or prominent (Ṛṣabha (proper name); bull, chief, excellent)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, chief, best; name of a mountain/place

Note: Acts as an adjective for tīrtham or as a substantive for the place

तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - a holy site for pilgrimage and ritual bathing, specifically Ṛṣabha tīrtha (sacred place, ford, bathing place, pilgrimage site)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīrtha

tīrtha - sacred place, ford, bathing place, holy shrine

From root tṛ (to cross)

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of āsādya

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having arrived at a sacred place, Ṛṣabha tīrtha (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Formed from ā + root sad (to sit, approach) with lyap suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

कोशलायाम् (kośalāyām) - referring to the ancient kingdom or region of Kośalā where Ṛṣabha tīrtha is located (in Kośalā)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kośalā

kośalā - Kośalā (name of an ancient country/region)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - an honorific address to Yudhiṣṭhira, the recipient of the teaching (O king, O ruler of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, chief, lord
  noun (masculine)

वाजपेयम् (vājapeyam) - referring to the specific royal Vedic ritual (yajña) known as Vājapeya, whose fruit is attained (Vājapeya (Vedic ritual))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vājapeya

vājapeya - Vājapeya (a type of Soma Vedic ritual, 'drink of strength/speed')

Derived from vāja (strength/food/speed) and peya (drinkable, to be drunk)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāja+peya)

• vāja – strength, vigor, food, speed
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• peya – drinkable, to be drunk; a drink
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive
  Derived from root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of avāpnoti

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - achieves the merit or result of performing the Vājapeya Vedic ritual (obtains, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of avāp

Present active indicative, 3rd person singular

From ava + root āp (to obtain)

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

त्रिरात्रोपोषितः (trirātropoṣitaḥ) - a person undertaking the religious penance of a three-night fast (one who has fasted for three nights)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trirātropoṣita

trirātropoṣita - having fasted for three nights

Past Passive Participle

Compound: trirātra (three nights) + upoṣita (fasted), used adjectivally

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (trirātra+upoṣita)

• trirātra – three nights
  noun (neuter)
• upoṣita – fasted, abstained, having fasted
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From upa + root vas (to dwell, to fast)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with naraḥ

नरः (naraḥ) - the individual performing the actions described in the verse (man, person, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of the sentence