महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-173, verse-57

यदा त्रीणि समेतानि अन्तरिक्षे पुराणि वै ।
त्रिपर्वणा त्रिशल्येन तेन तानि बिभेद सः ॥५७॥

57. yadā trīṇi sametāni antarikṣe purāṇi vai ,
triparvaṇā triśalyena tena tāni bibheda saḥ.

57. yadā trīṇi sametāni antarikṣe purāṇi vai
triparvaṇā triśalyena tena tāni bibheda saḥ

57. yadā trīṇi purāṇi vai antarikṣe sametāni
sa tena triparvaṇā triśalyena tāni bibheda

57. When those three cities (pura) were indeed united in the sky, he, with that three-jointed and three-barbed (arrow), pierced them.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

• समेतानि (sametāni) - assembled, united, come together

• अन्तरिक्षे (antarikṣe) - in the atmosphere, in the sky, in space

• पुराणि (purāṇi) - The three demon cities (Tripura) (cities, fortresses, castles (pura))

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly

• त्रिपर्वणा (triparvaṇā) - with a three-jointed (arrow/weapon) (with three joints, with three knots, with three sections)

• त्रिशल्येन (triśalyena) - with a three-barbed (arrow/weapon) (with three barbs, with three points)

• तेन (tena) - with that (arrow/weapon) (by that, with that)

• तानि (tāni) - those three cities (those)

• बिभेद (bibheda) - he pierced, he broke, he split

• सः (saḥ) - Rudra (he)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal conjunction.

त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with purāṇi.

समेतानि (sametāni) - assembled, united, come together

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sameta

sameta - assembled, united, come together

Past Passive Participle

From root i (to go), with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies purāṇi.

अन्तरिक्षे (antarikṣe) - in the atmosphere, in the sky, in space

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antarikṣa

antarikṣa - atmosphere, sky, interspace

Note: Indicates the location.

पुराणि (purāṇi) - The three demon cities (Tripura) (cities, fortresses, castles (pura))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of pura

pura - city, fortress, stronghold (pura)

Note: Subject of the clause 'when... were united'.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

त्रिपर्वणा (triparvaṇā) - with a three-jointed (arrow/weapon) (with three joints, with three knots, with three sections)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of triparvan

triparvan - having three joints/knots/sections

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tri+parvan)

• tri – three
  numeral
• parvan – knot, joint, section, limb
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the weapon (implied 'arrow' or 'weapon').

त्रिशल्येन (triśalyena) - with a three-barbed (arrow/weapon) (with three barbs, with three points)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of triśalya

triśalya - having three barbs/points

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tri+śalya)

• tri – three
  numeral
• śalya – dart, arrow-head, barb
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the weapon (implied 'arrow' or 'weapon').

तेन (tena) - with that (arrow/weapon) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, with that

Note: Refers to the weapon used to pierce the cities.

तानि (tāni) - those three cities (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Direct object of bibheda, referring to purāṇi.

बिभेद (bibheda) - he pierced, he broke, he split

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of bhid

Perfect Active

From root bhid, perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: bhid (class 7)

सः (saḥ) - Rudra (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Rudra, the subject of bibheda.