महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-173, verse-3

दृष्ट्वा सुमहदाश्चर्यमात्मनो विजयावहम् ।
यदृच्छयागतं व्यासं पप्रच्छ भरतर्षभ ॥३॥

3. dṛṣṭvā sumahadāścaryamātmano vijayāvaham ,
yadṛcchayāgataṁ vyāsaṁ papraccha bharatarṣabha.

3. dṛṣṭvā sumahadāścaryam ātmanaḥ vijayāvaham
yadṛcchayā āgatam vyāsam papraccha bharatarṣabhaḥ

3. bharatarṣabhaḥ yadṛcchayā āgatam vyāsam ātmanaḥ
vijayāvaham sumahadāścaryam dṛṣṭvā papraccha

3. Bhāratarṣabha (Yudhishthira) asked Vyasa, who had arrived by chance, after seeing a very great wonder that brought victory to his own self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• सुमहदाश्चर्यम् (sumahadāścaryam) - a very great wonder, an exceedingly great marvel

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself

• विजयावहम् (vijayāvaham) - bringing victory, causing triumph

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

• आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come

• व्यासम् (vyāsam) - The sage Vyasa. (Vyasa)

• पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, questioned

• भरतर्षभः (bharatarṣabhaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the speaker. (O best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सुमहदाश्चर्यम् (sumahadāścaryam) - a very great wonder, an exceedingly great marvel

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahadāścarya

sumahadāścarya - a very great wonder, an exceedingly great marvel

Compound of 'su' (prefix), 'mahat' (great), and 'āścarya' (wonder).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (su+mahat+āścarya)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
  prefix/adverb
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
• āścarya – wonder, marvel, astonishment
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `vijayāvaham`.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life, mind

Root: an (class 2)

विजयावहम् (vijayāvaham) - bringing victory, causing triumph

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vijayāvaha

vijayāvaha - bringing victory, causing triumph

Compound: 'vijaya' (victory) + 'āvaha' (bringing).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vijaya+āvaha)

• vijaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
• āvaha – bringing, carrying, causing
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  derived from `ā-vah` (to carry, bring)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `sumahadāścaryam`.

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - spontaneity, chance, self-will

आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

From `ā-gam` (to come)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vyāsam`.

व्यासम् (vyāsam) - The sage Vyasa. (Vyasa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - name of a celebrated ancient sage, author of Mahābhārata and Purāṇas.

Note: Object of `papraccha`.

पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, questioned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of pra-cch

Perfect active

Reduplicated past tense (Perfect) form of root `prach` with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Subject is `bharatarṣabhaḥ`.

भरतर्षभः (bharatarṣabhaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the speaker. (O best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of the Bharatas, a bull among Bharatas (an epithet for eminent members of the Bharata lineage, like Yudhishthira or Arjuna).

Tatpuruṣa compound: `bharata` (descendant of Bharata) + `ṛṣabha` (bull, excellent one).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king of the lunar dynasty; a name for an Indian
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; excellent, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `papraccha`.