महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-173, verse-41

न सुरा नासुरा लोके न गन्धर्वा न राक्षसाः ।
सुखमेधन्ति कुपिते तस्मिन्नपि गुहागताः ॥४१॥

41. na surā nāsurā loke na gandharvā na rākṣasāḥ ,
sukhamedhanti kupite tasminnapi guhāgatāḥ.

41. na surāḥ na asurāḥ loke na gandharvāḥ na rākṣasāḥ
sukham edhanti kupite tasmin api guhāgatāḥ

41. loke surāḥ na asurāḥ na gandharvāḥ na rākṣasāḥ
api tasmin kupite guhāgatāḥ sukham na edhanti

41. Neither gods nor demons, nor Gandharvas nor Rākṣasas, prosper happily in the world, even if they are hidden in caves, when he (Śiva) is enraged.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, neither, nor

• सुराः (surāḥ) - gods, deities

• न (na) - not, neither, nor

• असुराः (asurāḥ) - demons

• लोके (loke) - in the world

• न (na) - not, neither, nor

• गन्धर्वाः (gandharvāḥ) - Gandharvas

• न (na) - not, neither, nor

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas

• सुखम् (sukham) - happily, with ease, comfort

• एधन्ति (edhanti) - they prosper, grow

• कुपिते (kupite) - when enraged, when angry

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in Śiva (in him, in that one)

• अपि (api) - even, also

• गुहागताः (guhāgatāḥ) - those who have entered a cave, hidden in caves

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, neither, nor

(indeclinable)

सुराः (surāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity, celestial being

न (na) - not, neither, nor

(indeclinable)

असुराः (asurāḥ) - demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asura

asura - demon, titan, anti-god

लोके (loke) - in the world

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, universe, people

Root: lok (class 1)

न (na) - not, neither, nor

(indeclinable)

गन्धर्वाः (gandharvāḥ) - Gandharvas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, often musicians and companions of the gods)

न (na) - not, neither, nor

(indeclinable)

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - Rākṣasa (a class of mythical beings, often demonic or malevolent)

सुखम् (sukham) - happily, with ease, comfort

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially (adverbial accusative).

एधन्ति (edhanti) - they prosper, grow

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of edh

Root: edh (class 1)

कुपिते (kupite) - when enraged, when angry

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kup (to be angry) + kta suffix.

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, modifying 'tasmin' (referring to Śiva).

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in Śiva (in him, in that one)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

गुहागताः (guhāgatāḥ) - those who have entered a cave, hidden in caves

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guhāgata

guhāgata - gone into a cave, hidden in a cave, seeking refuge in a cave

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guhā+gata)

• guhā – cave, cavern
  noun (feminine)
• gata – gone, arrived at, obtained
  past passive participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go) + kta suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun referring to the beings (gods, demons, etc.) who take refuge.