योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-34, verse-78

परां दृष्टिमिमां त्यक्त्वा दग्धराज्ये रमेत कः ।
कस्त्यक्त्वेक्षुरसं प्राज्ञः कटु निम्बपयः पिबेत् ॥ ७८ ॥

parāṃ dṛṣṭimimāṃ tyaktvā dagdharājye rameta kaḥ ,
kastyaktvekṣurasaṃ prājñaḥ kaṭu nimbapayaḥ pibet 78

78. parām dṛṣṭim imām tyaktvā dagdharājye rameta kaḥ
kaḥ tyaktvā ikṣurasam prājñaḥ kaṭu nimbapayaḥ pibet

78. kaḥ imām parām dṛṣṭim tyaktvā dagdharājye rameta?
kaḥ prājñaḥ ikṣurasam tyaktvā kaṭu nimbapayaḥ pibet?

78. Who, indeed, would abandon this supreme vision (dṛṣṭi) and find delight in a scorched kingdom? What wise person would forsake the taste of sugarcane juice to drink the bitter juice of the neem tree?

Words meanings summery:

• पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent

• दृष्टिम् (dṛṣṭim) - vision, sight, view, understanding, insight

• इमाम् (imām) - this, this one

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having renounced

• दग्धराज्ये (dagdharājye) - in a burnt kingdom, in a ruined kingdom

• रमेत (rameta) - would delight, would enjoy, would sport

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having renounced

• इक्षुरसम् (ikṣurasam) - sugarcane juice, the taste of sugarcane

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise, intelligent, learned person

• कटु (kaṭu) - bitter, pungent, harsh

• निम्बपयः (nimbapayaḥ) - neem juice, the juice of the neem tree

• पिबेत् (pibet) - would drink, should drink

Words meanings and morphology

पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent; other, subsequent

Note: Adjective agreeing with dṛṣṭim.

दृष्टिम् (dṛṣṭim) - vision, sight, view, understanding, insight

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dṛṣṭi

dṛṣṭi - vision, sight, view, understanding, insight, doctrine, opinion

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इमाम् (imām) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Demonstrative pronoun agreeing with dṛṣṭim.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having renounced

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root tyaj (to abandon), suffix ktvā

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Gerund/absolutive.

दग्धराज्ये (dagdharājye) - in a burnt kingdom, in a ruined kingdom

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dagdharājya

dagdharājya - burnt kingdom, ruined kingdom

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dagdha+rājya)

• dagdha – burnt, consumed by fire, afflicted
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dah (to burn)
  Root: dah (class 1)
• rājya – kingdom, realm, sovereignty, rule
  noun (neuter)

रमेत (rameta) - would delight, would enjoy, would sport

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ram

optative

P. ramate, ramate

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Expresses potential or desire.

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun

Note: Subject of rameta.

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun

Note: Subject of pibet.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having renounced

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root tyaj (to abandon), suffix ktvā

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Gerund/absolutive.

इक्षुरसम् (ikṣurasam) - sugarcane juice, the taste of sugarcane

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ikṣurasa

ikṣurasa - sugarcane juice, taste of sugarcane

Compound of ikṣu (sugarcane) and rasa (juice, taste).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ikṣu+rasa)

• ikṣu – sugarcane
  noun (masculine)
• rasa – juice, liquid, taste, essence, emotion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of tyaktvā.

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise, intelligent, learned person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, learned, a wise man

From prajñā (wisdom)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with implied kaḥ.

कटु (kaṭu) - bitter, pungent, harsh

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaṭu

kaṭu - bitter, pungent, acrid, harsh, sharp

Note: Adjective agreeing with nimbapayaḥ.

निम्बपयः (nimbapayaḥ) - neem juice, the juice of the neem tree

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nimbapayas

nimbapayas - neem juice, juice of neem tree

Compound of nimba (neem) and payas (juice, water).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nimba+payas)

• nimba – neem tree (Azadirachta indica)
  noun (masculine)
• payas – water, milk, juice, sap
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of pibet.

पिबेत् (pibet) - would drink, should drink

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pā

optative

From root pā (to drink), class 1.

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Expresses potential or desire.