महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-85

धर्मेणास्त्रं नियतं तस्य मन्ये यो योत्स्यते पाण्डवैर्धर्मचारी ।
मिथ्याग्लहे निर्जिता वै नृशंसैः संवत्सरान्द्वादश पाण्डुपुत्राः ॥८५॥

85. dharmeṇāstraṁ niyataṁ tasya manye; yo yotsyate pāṇḍavairdharmacārī ,
mithyāglahe nirjitā vai nṛśaṁsaiḥ; saṁvatsarāndvādaśa pāṇḍuputrāḥ.

85. dharmeṇa astram niyatam tasya manye
yaḥ yotsyate pāṇḍuvaiḥ dharmacārī
mithyāglahe nirjitāḥ vai nṛśaṃsaiḥ
saṃvatsarān dvādaśa pāṇḍuputrāḥ

85. I believe that the weapon (astra) of one who will fight the Pāṇḍavas, being a follower of natural law (dharma), is destined by natural law (dharma). For the sons of Pāṇḍu were indeed defeated in a deceitful game of chance by cruel men and spent twelve years (in exile).

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - By natural law, by righteousness, by justice.

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - Weapon, missile.

• नियतम् (niyatam) - Fixed, determined, destined, ordained.

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to 'he who' (`yaḥ`). (His, of him.)

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider.

• यः (yaḥ) - Who, he who.

• योत्स्यते (yotsyate) - Will fight.

• पाण्डुवैः (pāṇḍuvaiḥ) - With the Pāṇḍavas, against the Pāṇḍavas.

• धर्मचारी (dharmacārī) - Agrees with `yaḥ` (the one who fights). (A practitioner of natural law (dharma), righteous.)

• मिथ्याग्लहे (mithyāglahe) - Refers to the infamous dice game from the Mahābhārata. (In the deceitful gamble, in the false dice game.)

• निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - Agrees with `pāṇḍuputrāḥ` (the Pāṇḍavas). (Defeated, conquered.)

• वै (vai) - Indeed, surely, certainly.

• नृशंसैः (nṛśaṁsaiḥ) - Refers to the Kauravas (Duryodhana and Śakuni). (By the cruel ones, by the wicked ones.)

• संवत्सरान् (saṁvatsarān) - Years.

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - Twelve.

• पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - The sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas.

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - By natural law, by righteousness, by justice.

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अस्त्रम् (astram) - Weapon, missile.

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - missile, weapon, arrow.

Root: as (class 4)

नियतम् (niyatam) - Fixed, determined, destined, ordained.

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of niyata

niyata - restrained, fixed, firm, determined, certain, destined, appointed.

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `yam` with `ni` prefix.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `astram`.

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to 'he who' (`yaḥ`). (His, of him.)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it.

Demonstrative pronoun.

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider.

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present tense

First person singular, present middle (ātmanepada).

Root: man (class 4)

यः (yaḥ) - Who, he who.

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, he who.

Relative pronoun.

योत्स्यते (yotsyate) - Will fight.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of yudh

Future tense

Third person singular, future middle (ātmanepada).

Root: yudh (class 4)

पाण्डुवैः (pāṇḍuvaiḥ) - With the Pāṇḍavas, against the Pāṇḍavas.

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (father of the Pāṇḍavas), or 'son of Pāṇḍu' (Pāṇḍava - though the form is `pāṇḍu` here, the meaning is understood as the sons).

Often refers to the Pāṇḍavas collectively when used in plural.

धर्मचारी (dharmacārī) - Agrees with `yaḥ` (the one who fights). (A practitioner of natural law (dharma), righteous.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmacārin

dharmacārin - practicing natural law (dharma), virtuous, righteous.

Compound formed from `dharma` (natural law) and `cārin` (acting, practicing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+cārin)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• cārin – moving, acting, practicing, following
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `car` (to move, to practice) with `ṇin` suffix.
  Root: car (class 1)

मिथ्याग्लहे (mithyāglahe) - Refers to the infamous dice game from the Mahābhārata. (In the deceitful gamble, in the false dice game.)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mithyāglaha

mithyāglaha - deceitful dice game, false gamble.

Compound formed from `mithyā` (falsely, deceitfully) and `glaha` (gamble, stake, dice game).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mithyā+glaha)

• mithyā – falsely, wrongly, deceitfully, untrue
  indeclinable
• glaha – dice, gambling, stake
  noun (masculine)
  Root: grah (class 9)

निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - Agrees with `pāṇḍuputrāḥ` (the Pāṇḍavas). (Defeated, conquered.)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, defeated, overcome.

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `ji` with `nir` prefix.

Prefix: nis

Root: ji (class 1)

वै (vai) - Indeed, surely, certainly.

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

नृशंसैः (nṛśaṁsaiḥ) - Refers to the Kauravas (Duryodhana and Śakuni). (By the cruel ones, by the wicked ones.)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, fierce, malicious.

Often interpreted as 'injuring men'.

Note: Agrees with the implied agents of `nirjitāḥ`.

संवत्सरान् (saṁvatsarān) - Years.

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year.

Root: vas (class 1)

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - Twelve.

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `saṃvatsarān`.

पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - The sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas.

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu; a Pāṇḍava.

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)