महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-55

सर्वा दिशः संपतता रथेन रजोध्वस्तं गाण्डिवेनापकृत्तम् ।
यदा द्रष्टा स्वबलं संप्रमूढं तदा पश्चात्तप्स्यति मन्दबुद्धिः ॥५५॥

55. sarvā diśaḥ saṁpatatā rathena; rajodhvastaṁ gāṇḍivenāpakṛttam ,
yadā draṣṭā svabalaṁ saṁpramūḍhaṁ; tadā paścāttapsyati mandabuddhiḥ.

55. sarvāḥ diśaḥ sampatatā rathena
rajaḥ-dhvastam gāṇḍīvena apakṛttam
yadā draṣṭā svabalam sampramūḍham
tadā paścāt tapsyati mandabuddhiḥ

55. When, due to my speeding chariot moving in all directions, he sees his own army covered with dust and severed by the Gāṇḍīva (bow), utterly bewildered, then the foolish one will regret it afterwards.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

• सम्पतता (sampatatā) - speeding (chariot) (flying together, speeding along)

• रथेन (rathena) - by my chariot (by the chariot)

• रजः-ध्वस्तम् (rajaḥ-dhvastam) - obscured/covered by dust

• गाण्डीवेन (gāṇḍīvena) - by Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

• अपकृत्तम् (apakṛttam) - severed, cut off

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - will see (functions as a future finite verb) (he who sees, observer; will see (future))

• स्वबलम् (svabalam) - his own army (one's own army/strength)

• सम्प्रमूढम् (sampramūḍham) - utterly bewildered, completely confused

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later, behind

• तप्स्यति (tapsyati) - will regret (will suffer, will regret, will feel pain)

• मन्दबुद्धिः (mandabuddhiḥ) - the foolish one (referring to Duryodhana) (foolish, dull-witted, slow-minded)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies diśaḥ.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

Note: Object of implied verb of motion/extension.

सम्पतता (sampatatā) - speeding (chariot) (flying together, speeding along)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sampatat

sampatat - flying together, speeding, rushing

Present Active Participle

From root 'pat' (to fly, fall) with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rathena.

रथेन (rathena) - by my chariot (by the chariot)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Agent of scattering dust.

रजः-ध्वस्तम् (rajaḥ-dhvastam) - obscured/covered by dust

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rajodhvasta

rajodhvasta - covered/obscured by dust

Tatpurusha compound of 'rajas' (dust) and 'dhvasta' (obscured, destroyed)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rajas+dhvasta)

• rajas – dust, dirt, passion, darkness
  noun (neuter)
• dhvasta – obscured, destroyed, fallen, scattered
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dhvaṃs' (to fall, perish)
  Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

Note: Qualifies svabalam.

गाण्डीवेन (gāṇḍīvena) - by Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - Gāṇḍīva (name of Arjuna's bow)

Note: Instrument of action.

अपकृत्तम् (apakṛttam) - severed, cut off

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apakṛtta

apakṛtta - cut off, severed, torn away

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛt' (to cut) with prefix 'apa'

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛt (class 6)

Note: Qualifies svabalam.

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - will see (functions as a future finite verb) (he who sees, observer; will see (future))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer; one who will see (future participle)

Agent noun / Future participle

From root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-tṛ'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is mandabuddhiḥ.

स्वबलम् (svabalam) - his own army (one's own army/strength)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svabala

svabala - one's own strength, one's own army

Tatpurusha compound of 'sva' (own) and 'bala' (strength, army)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+bala)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• bala – strength, power, army, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of draṣṭā.

सम्प्रमूढम् (sampramūḍham) - utterly bewildered, completely confused

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sampramūḍha

sampramūḍha - utterly bewildered, completely confused, greatly infatuated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'muh' (to be confused) with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra'

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies svabalam.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlative to yadā.

पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later, behind

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial.

तप्स्यति (tapsyati) - will regret (will suffer, will regret, will feel pain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of tap

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Future tense, third person singular.

मन्दबुद्धिः (mandabuddhiḥ) - the foolish one (referring to Duryodhana) (foolish, dull-witted, slow-minded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandabuddhi

mandabuddhi - slow-witted, foolish, dull-minded

Bahuvrihi compound of 'manda' (slow, dull) and 'buddhi' (intellect)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (manda+buddhi)

• manda – slow, dull, sluggish, foolish
  adjective
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'budh' (to know, awaken)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of tapsyati.