महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-34

ज्येष्ठं मात्स्यानामनृशंसरूपं विराटपुत्रं रथिनं पुरस्तात् ।
यदा द्रष्टा दंशितं पाण्डवार्थे तदा युद्धं धार्तराष्ट्रोऽन्वतप्स्यत् ॥३४॥

34. jyeṣṭhaṁ mātsyānāmanṛśaṁsarūpaṁ; virāṭaputraṁ rathinaṁ purastāt ,
yadā draṣṭā daṁśitaṁ pāṇḍavārthe; tadā yuddhaṁ dhārtarāṣṭro'nvatapsyat.

34. jyeṣṭham mātsyānām anṛśaṃsarūpam
virāṭaputram rathinam purastāt yadā
draṣṭā daṃśitam pāṇḍavārthe tadā
yuddham dhārtarāṣṭraḥ anvatapsyat

34. When Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son sees Virāṭa's eldest son, that ferocious chariot-warrior who is armored and fighting at the forefront for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas, then he will regret the war.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - the eldest, the greatest, the chief

• मात्स्यानाम् (mātsyānām) - of the Matsyas

• अनृशंसरूपम् (anṛśaṁsarūpam) - of merciless form, ferocious

• विराटपुत्रम् (virāṭaputram) - Uttara, son of King Virāṭa (Virāṭa's son (Uttara))

• रथिनम् (rathinam) - chariot-warrior, charioteer

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - at the forefront (of battle) (in front, before, eastward)

• यदा (yadā) - when

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - will see, one who will see

• दंशितम् (daṁśitam) - armored, equipped (with mail)

• पाण्डवार्थे (pāṇḍavārthe) - for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, i.e., Duryodhana)

• अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - will regret, will grieve

Words meanings and morphology

ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - the eldest, the greatest, the chief

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, chief, most excellent, pre-eminent

superlative of old/great

मात्स्यानाम् (mātsyānām) - of the Matsyas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mātsya

mātsya - relating to Matsya, a Matsya (inhabitant of Matsya kingdom)

Note: Modifies `jyeṣṭham`, meaning 'eldest among the Matsyas'.

अनृशंसरूपम् (anṛśaṁsarūpam) - of merciless form, ferocious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anṛśaṃsarūpa

anṛśaṁsarūpa - having a merciless or cruel form/nature, ferocious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+nṛśaṃsa+rūpa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• nṛśaṃsa – merciless, cruel, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with Virāṭaputram.

विराटपुत्रम् (virāṭaputram) - Uttara, son of King Virāṭa (Virāṭa's son (Uttara))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of virāṭaputra

virāṭaputra - son of Virāṭa

Compound type : tatpurusha (virāṭa+putra)

• virāṭa – Virāṭa (king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `draṣṭā`.

रथिनम् (rathinam) - chariot-warrior, charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - having a chariot, chariot-warrior, charioteer

Possessive suffix -in

Note: Agrees with Virāṭaputram.

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - at the forefront (of battle) (in front, before, eastward)

(indeclinable)

from puras with suffix -tāt

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - will see, one who will see

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer, one who will see

agent noun from future stem

from root dṛś, tṛc suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Implied subject is Dhārtarāṣṭraḥ.

दंशितम् (daṁśitam) - armored, equipped (with mail)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṃśita

daṁśita - armored, equipped with mail, having bitten

Past Passive Participle

from root daṃś

Root: daṃś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Virāṭaputram.

पाण्डवार्थे (pāṇḍavārthe) - for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍavārtha

pāṇḍavārtha - purpose of Pāṇḍavas, for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍava+artha)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pāṇḍu
  proper noun (masculine)
  patronymic from Pāṇḍu
• artha – purpose, aim, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial use indicating purpose.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Note: Object of regret.

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, i.e., Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

from Dhṛtarāṣṭra (patronymic)

Note: Subject of the verb `anvatapsyat`.

अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - will regret, will grieve

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, conditional past (lṛṅ) of anutap

Conditional Past

from root tap with prefix anu, Lṛṅ

Prefix: anu

Root: tap (class 1)