महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-41

यदा शिनीनामधिपो मयोक्तः शरैः परान्मेघ इव प्रवर्षन् ।
प्रच्छादयिष्यञ्शरजालेन योधांस्तदा युद्धं धार्तराष्ट्रोऽन्वतप्स्यत् ॥४१॥

41. yadā śinīnāmadhipo mayoktaḥ; śaraiḥ parānmegha iva pravarṣan ,
pracchādayiṣyañśarajālena yodhāṁ;stadā yuddhaṁ dhārtarāṣṭro'nvatapsyat.

41. yadā śinīnām adhipaḥ mayā uktaḥ śaraiḥ
parān meghaḥ iva pravarṣan |
pracchādayiṣyan śarajālena yodhān tadā
yuddham dhārtarāṣṭraḥ anvatapsyat

41. When Sātyaki, the chief of the Śinis (whom I have mentioned), showers arrows upon his enemies like a cloud, intending to overwhelm the warriors with a dense volley of arrows, then Duryodhana would surely regret this war.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

• शिनीनाम् (śinīnām) - of the Śinis

• अधिपः (adhipaḥ) - chief, lord, ruler

• मया (mayā) - by me

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, spoken, mentioned

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• परान् (parān) - enemies, others

• मेघः (meghaḥ) - cloud

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• प्रवर्षन् (pravarṣan) - showering down, raining forth

• प्रच्छादयिष्यन् (pracchādayiṣyan) - intending to cover, overwhelming, about to cover

• शरजालेन (śarajālena) - with a network of arrows, with a volley of arrows

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra)

• अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - would regret, would lament, would repent

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

(indeclinable)

शिनीनाम् (śinīnām) - of the Śinis

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śinin

śinin - belonging to Śini, a descendant of Śini; the Śinis (a clan)

Derived from Śini with the suffix -in, indicating lineage or belonging.

अधिपः (adhipaḥ) - chief, lord, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhipa

adhipa - lord, chief, ruler, sovereign

Prefix: adhi

Root: pā (class 1)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, us

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, spoken, mentioned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, mentioned, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac (to speak), irregular past participle.

Root: vac (class 2)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

परान् (parān) - enemies, others

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, hostile, enemy, supreme

मेघः (meghaḥ) - cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of megha

megha - cloud, rain-cloud

Derived from root √mih (to sprinkle, urinate).

Root: mih (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

प्रवर्षन् (pravarṣan) - showering down, raining forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravarṣat

pravarṣat - showering, raining down, emitting abundantly

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √vṛṣ (to rain) with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

प्रच्छादयिष्यन् (pracchādayiṣyan) - intending to cover, overwhelming, about to cover

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pracchādayiṣyat

pracchādayiṣyat - intending to cover, about to hide or overwhelm

Future Active Participle (Syan)

Derived from the causal of root √chad (to cover) with upasarga pra, and future suffix -syan.

Prefix: pra

Root: chad (class 10)

शरजालेन (śarajālena) - with a network of arrows, with a volley of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śarajāla

śarajāla - network of arrows, volley of arrows

Compound of śara (arrow) + jāla (net, network).

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

Derived from root √yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √yudh (to fight), formed with suffix -ta.

Root: yudh (class 4)

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra; specifically Duryodhana or any of the Kauravas

Patronymic derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - would regret, would lament, would repent

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future conditional (lṛṅ) of anutap

Aorist (Imperfect Future)

3rd person singular active, formed with augment 'a' and future-like ending -syat.

Prefix: anu

Root: tap (class 1)