महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-22

त्यक्तात्मानः पार्थिवायोधनाय समादिष्टा धर्मराजेन वीराः ।
रथैः शुभ्रैः सैन्यमभिद्रवन्तो दृष्ट्वा पश्चात्तप्स्यते धार्तराष्ट्रः ॥२२॥

22. tyaktātmānaḥ pārthivāyodhanāya; samādiṣṭā dharmarājena vīrāḥ ,
rathaiḥ śubhraiḥ sainyamabhidravanto; dṛṣṭvā paścāttapsyate dhārtarāṣṭraḥ.

22. tyakta-ātmānaḥ pārthiva-āyodhanāya
samādiṣṭāḥ dharmarājena vīrāḥ rathaiḥ
śubhraiḥ sainyam abhidravantaḥ
dṛṣṭvā paścāt tapsyate dhārtarāṣṭraḥ

22. When Dhritarashtra's son sees those heroes, who have dedicated their lives (ātman) to the king's battle and have been commanded by Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira), attacking his army with their shining chariots, he will regret it afterwards.

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्त-आत्मानः (tyakta-ātmānaḥ) - those who have dedicated their lives (ātman) (those who have given up their lives, self-sacrificing)

• पार्थिव-आयोधनाय (pārthiva-āyodhanāya) - for the king's battle (for the king's battle, for fighting for the king)

• समादिष्टाः (samādiṣṭāḥ) - commanded (commanded, ordered, instructed)

• धर्मराजेन (dharmarājena) - by Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by the king of dharma (natural law), by Yudhiṣṭhira)

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes (heroes, brave men, warriors)

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - with chariots

• शुभ्रैः (śubhraiḥ) - with shining (with shining (chariots), with white (chariots))

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - (his) army (army, host, military force)

• अभिद्रवन्तः (abhidravantaḥ) - attacking (rushing towards, attacking, running after)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards (afterwards, behind, later)

• तप्स्यते (tapsyate) - he will regret (he will suffer, he will regret)

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra's son (referring to Duryodhana implicitly) (son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava)

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्त-आत्मानः (tyakta-ātmānaḥ) - those who have dedicated their lives (ātman) (those who have given up their lives, self-sacrificing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tyakta-ātman

tyakta-ātman - one who has given up his life, self-sacrificing

From tyakta (given up) + ātman (self/life)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tyakta+ātman)

• tyakta – given up, abandoned, forsaken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tyaj (to abandon)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, life, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies `vīrāḥ`

पार्थिव-आयोधनाय (pārthiva-āyodhanāya) - for the king's battle (for the king's battle, for fighting for the king)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of pārthiva-āyodhana

pārthiva-āyodhana - king's battle, fighting for the king

From pārthiva (royal/king) + āyodhana (battle)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pārthiva+āyodhana)

• pārthiva – royal, earthly, a king
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pṛthivī (earth)
• āyodhana – battle, fight, combat
  noun (neuter)
  From ā-√yudh (to fight)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Purpose for which they are commanded

समादिष्टाः (samādiṣṭāḥ) - commanded (commanded, ordered, instructed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samādiṣṭa

samādiṣṭa - commanded, ordered, appointed, instructed

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ā-√diś (to command, instruct)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Modifies `vīrāḥ`

धर्मराजेन (dharmarājena) - by Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by the king of dharma (natural law), by Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of dharma (natural law), Yudhiṣṭhira, Yama (god of death)

From dharma (natural law) + rāja (king)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Agent of samādiṣṭāḥ

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes (heroes, brave men, warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Subject of the clause with participle abhidravantaḥ, and also modified by tyakta-ātmānaḥ and samādiṣṭāḥ

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - with chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Instrument of action for `abhidravantaḥ`

शुभ्रैः (śubhraiḥ) - with shining (with shining (chariots), with white (chariots))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śubhra

śubhra - shining, white, splendid

Note: Modifies `rathaiḥ`

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - (his) army (army, host, military force)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

Derived from senā (army)

Note: Object of `abhidravantaḥ`

अभिद्रवन्तः (abhidravantaḥ) - attacking (rushing towards, attacking, running after)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhidravat

abhidravat - rushing towards, attacking, running after

Present Active Participle

From abhi-√dru (to run towards, attack)

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Modifies `vīrāḥ`

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used to form a compound predicate with `tapsyate`

पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards (afterwards, behind, later)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying `tapsyate`

तप्स्यते (tapsyate) - he will regret (he will suffer, he will regret)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (Lṛṭ) of tap

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Atmanepada form

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra's son (referring to Duryodhana implicitly) (son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava

Derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhritarashtra)

Note: Subject of 'tapsyate'