महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-25

महाभये संप्रवृत्ते रथस्थं विवर्तमानं समरे कृतास्त्रम् ।
सर्वां दिशं संपतन्तं समीक्ष्य तदा युद्धं धार्तराष्ट्रोऽन्वतप्स्यत् ॥२५॥

25. mahābhaye saṁpravṛtte rathasthaṁ; vivartamānaṁ samare kṛtāstram ,
sarvāṁ diśaṁ saṁpatantaṁ samīkṣya; tadā yuddhaṁ dhārtarāṣṭro'nvatapsyat.

25. mahābhaye saṃpravṛtte rathastham
vivartamānam samare kṛtāstram sarvām
diśam saṃpatantam samīkṣya tadā
yuddham dhārtarāṣṭraḥ anvatapsyat

25. When intense fear has arisen, and seeing [an enemy warrior] standing in his chariot, maneuvering skillfully in battle, adept in weaponry, and attacking in all directions, then the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra will regret the war.

Words meanings summery:

• महाभये (mahābhaye) - when intense fear has arisen (in great fear, in a great danger)

• संप्रवृत्ते (saṁpravṛtte) - when it has arisen (referring to fear) (having occurred, having arisen, having begun)

• रथस्थम् (rathastham) - standing in his chariot (referring to the warrior) (standing in a chariot, charioteer)

• विवर्तमानम् (vivartamānam) - maneuvering skillfully (turning about, maneuvering, revolving)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• कृतास्त्रम् (kṛtāstram) - adept in weaponry (skilled in weapons, having used weapons)

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - all, every

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

• संपतन्तम् (saṁpatantam) - attacking (in all directions) (attacking, falling upon, flying)

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - will regret, will grieve for, will repent

Words meanings and morphology

महाभये (mahābhaye) - when intense fear has arisen (in great fear, in a great danger)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahābhaya

mahābhaya - great fear, great danger

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+bhaya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhaya – fear, terror, apprehension
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction with `saṃpravṛtte`

संप्रवृत्ते (saṁpravṛtte) - when it has arisen (referring to fear) (having occurred, having arisen, having begun)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃpravṛtta

saṁpravṛtta - occurred, arisen, commenced, happened

Past Passive Participle

from saṃ-pra-vṛt (to occur, to begin)

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction with `mahābhaye`

रथस्थम् (rathastham) - standing in his chariot (referring to the warrior) (standing in a chariot, charioteer)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing in a chariot, charioteer

from ratha + stha

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, abiding, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Kṛt suffix -a
  from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to an implied warrior (e.g., Sahadeva)

विवर्तमानम् (vivartamānam) - maneuvering skillfully (turning about, maneuvering, revolving)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vivartamāna

vivartamāna - turning round, revolving, maneuvering

Present Participle (Middle Voice)

from vi-vṛt (to turn, revolve)

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied warrior

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

कृतास्त्रम् (kṛtāstram) - adept in weaponry (skilled in weapons, having used weapons)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtāstra

kṛtāstra - skilled in the use of weapons, one who has acquired weapons

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+astra)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• astra – missile, weapon
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Refers to the implied warrior

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with `diśam`

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

Note: Object of `saṃpatantam`

संपतन्तम् (saṁpatantam) - attacking (in all directions) (attacking, falling upon, flying)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃpatant

saṁpatant - falling together, attacking, flying

Present Active Participle

from saṃ-pat (to fall together, attack)

Prefix: sam

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied warrior

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from sam-īkṣ (to look at, observe)

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Nullifies the subject as it is the same as the main verb's subject (`dhārtarāṣṭraḥ`)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of `anvatapsyat`

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Refers to Duryodhana

अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - will regret, will grieve for, will repent

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of tap

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice

Prefix: anu

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Future sense in context with `yada...tadā` structure.