महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-11

मायोपधः प्रणिधानार्जवाभ्यां तपोदमाभ्यां धर्मगुप्त्या बलेन ।
सत्यं ब्रुवन्प्रीतियुक्त्यानृतेन तितिक्षमाणः क्लिश्यमानोऽतिवेलम् ॥११॥

11. māyopadhaḥ praṇidhānārjavābhyāṁ; tapodamābhyāṁ dharmaguptyā balena ,
satyaṁ bruvanprītiyuktyānṛtena; titikṣamāṇaḥ kliśyamāno'tivelam.

11. māyopadhaḥ praṇidhānārjavābhyām
tapodamābhyām dharmaguptyā balena
satyam bruvan prītiyuktyā anṛtena
titikṣamāṇaḥ kliśyamānaḥ ativelam

11. Characterized by deceit, he (acts) with (a pretense of) application and straightforwardness, asceticism (tapas) and self-restraint (dama), protection of natural law (dharma) and strength. Speaking truth, yet also with affection and untruth, he (appears) to be enduring and excessively distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• मायोपधः (māyopadhaḥ) - deceptive (full of trickery, having deceit as a foundation, deceptive)

• प्रणिधानार्जवाभ्याम् (praṇidhānārjavābhyām) - by (a show of) application and straightforwardness (by application and straightforwardness, by devotion and honesty)

• तपोदमाभ्याम् (tapodamābhyām) - by (a show of) asceticism (tapas) and self-restraint (dama) (by asceticism (tapas) and self-restraint (dama))

• धर्मगुप्त्या (dharmaguptyā) - by (the guise of) protection of natural law (dharma) (by the protection of natural law (dharma), by upholding righteousness)

• बलेन (balena) - by strength, by force

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

• प्रीतियुक्त्या (prītiyuktyā) - by (a show of) affection (by affection, by means of love/friendship)

• अनृतेन (anṛtena) - by falsehood (by untruth, by falsehood, by injustice)

• तितिक्षमाणः (titikṣamāṇaḥ) - (appearing) enduring, patient (enduring, patient, forbearing)

• क्लिश्यमानः (kliśyamānaḥ) - (appearing) distressed (being distressed, afflicted, suffering)

• अतिवेलम् (ativelam) - excessively (excessively, greatly, beyond measure)

Words meanings and morphology

मायोपधः (māyopadhaḥ) - deceptive (full of trickery, having deceit as a foundation, deceptive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māyopadha

māyopadha - full of trickery, having deceit as a foundation

Compound type : tatpurusha (māyā+upadha)

• māyā – deceit, illusion (māyā), magic
  noun (feminine)
• upadha – basis, foundation, trick, deceit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the subject of the verse, likely Duryodhana.

प्रणिधानार्जवाभ्याम् (praṇidhānārjavābhyām) - by (a show of) application and straightforwardness (by application and straightforwardness, by devotion and honesty)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, dual of praṇidhānārjava

praṇidhānārjava - application and straightforwardness

Compound type : dvandva (praṇidhāna+ārjava)

• praṇidhāna – application, attention, devotion
  noun (neuter)
  Prefixes: pra+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• ārjava – straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity
  noun (neuter)

तपोदमाभ्याम् (tapodamābhyām) - by (a show of) asceticism (tapas) and self-restraint (dama) (by asceticism (tapas) and self-restraint (dama))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of tapodama

tapodama - asceticism and self-restraint

Compound type : dvandva (tapas+dama)

• tapas – asceticism (tapas), penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dama – self-restraint (dama), self-control
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dam (class 4)

धर्मगुप्त्या (dharmaguptyā) - by (the guise of) protection of natural law (dharma) (by the protection of natural law (dharma), by upholding righteousness)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dharmagupti

dharmagupti - protection of (dharma), upholding righteousness

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+gupti)

• dharma – duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, natural law (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
• gupti – protection, concealment
  noun (feminine)
  From root gup-
  Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Contextually implies a hypocritical or false pretense of protecting dharma.

बलेन (balena) - by strength, by force

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force

Root: bal (class 1)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality

Note: Direct object of bruvan.

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brū

brū - to speak, say, tell

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (e.g., Duryodhana).

प्रीतियुक्त्या (prītiyuktyā) - by (a show of) affection (by affection, by means of love/friendship)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prītiyukti

prītiyukti - affection, love, union with love

Compound type : tatpurusha (prīti+yukti)

• prīti – affection, love, joy
  noun (feminine)
  Root: prī (class 9)
• yukti – union, combination, application, reason
  noun (feminine)
  From root yuj-
  Root: yuj (class 7)

अनृतेन (anṛtena) - by falsehood (by untruth, by falsehood, by injustice)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, falsehood, injustice

Compound type : bahuvrihi (an+ṛta)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• ṛta – truth, cosmic order, right
  noun (neuter)

तितिक्षमाणः (titikṣamāṇaḥ) - (appearing) enduring, patient (enduring, patient, forbearing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of titikṣamāṇa

titikṣamāṇa - enduring, patient, forbearing

Present Middle Participle

From desiderative of root sah- (via titikṣa-)

Root: sah

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (e.g., Duryodhana).

क्लिश्यमानः (kliśyamānaḥ) - (appearing) distressed (being distressed, afflicted, suffering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kliśyamāna

kliśyamāna - being distressed, afflicted, suffering

Present Middle Participle

From root kliś-

Root: kliś (class 9)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (e.g., Duryodhana).

अतिवेलम् (ativelam) - excessively (excessively, greatly, beyond measure)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (ati+velā)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
• velā – limit, boundary, time
  noun (feminine)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying kliśyamānaḥ.