महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-38

यदा स सेनापतिरप्रमेयः पराभवन्निषुभिर्धार्तराष्ट्रान् ।
द्रोणं रणे शत्रुसहोऽभियाता तदा युद्धं धार्तराष्ट्रोऽन्वतप्स्यत् ॥३८॥

38. yadā sa senāpatiraprameyaḥ; parābhavanniṣubhirdhārtarāṣṭrān ,
droṇaṁ raṇe śatrusaho'bhiyātā; tadā yuddhaṁ dhārtarāṣṭro'nvatapsyat.

38. yadā saḥ senāpatiḥ aprameyaḥ
parābhavan iṣubhiḥ dhārtarāṣṭrān droṇam
raṇe śatrusahaḥ abhiyātā tadā
yuddham dhārtarāṣṭraḥ anvatapsyat

38. When that immeasurable commander (Dhṛṣṭadyumna), defeating the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra with his arrows, a mighty conqueror of foes, attacks Droṇa in battle, then the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra would regret the war.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (he, that)

• सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the commander of the Pāṇḍava army. (commander, general, army chief)

• अप्रमेयः (aprameyaḥ) - immeasurable, immense, incomparable

• पराभवन् (parābhavan) - overcoming, defeating, conquering

• इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - The Kauravas, the antagonists in the Mahābhārata war. (the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇācārya, the royal guru of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas. (Droṇa)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

• शत्रुसहः (śatrusahaḥ) - a mighty conqueror of foes, referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (enduring enemies; conquering enemies; mighty against enemies)

• अभियाता (abhiyātā) - attacking, advancing against (Droṇa) (one who approaches, an attacker)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana, the eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - would regret, would repent

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the commander of the Pāṇḍava army. (commander, general, army chief)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of senāpati

senāpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpurusha (senā+pati)

• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband, chief
  noun (masculine)

अप्रमेयः (aprameyaḥ) - immeasurable, immense, incomparable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aprameya

aprameya - immeasurable, illimitable, incomprehensible, unassailable, mighty

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From a- (negation) + pra- + mā (to measure)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+prameya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• prameya – measurable, comprehensible, object of knowledge
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From pra- + mā (to measure)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'senāpatiḥ'.

पराभवन् (parābhavan) - overcoming, defeating, conquering

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parābhū

parābhū - to overcome, to defeat, to conquer

Present Active Participle

From parā- + bhū (to be, to become)

Prefix: parā

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'senāpatiḥ'.

इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - The Kauravas, the antagonists in the Mahābhārata war. (the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Taddhita derivation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇācārya, the royal guru of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas. (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - name of the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

शत्रुसहः (śatrusahaḥ) - a mighty conqueror of foes, referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (enduring enemies; conquering enemies; mighty against enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrusaha

śatrusaha - withstanding enemies, enduring enemies, conquering enemies

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+saha)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• saha – bearing, enduring, conquering (often at end of compounds)
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sah (to bear, endure)
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'senāpatiḥ'.

अभियाता (abhiyātā) - attacking, advancing against (Droṇa) (one who approaches, an attacker)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhiyātṛ

abhiyātṛ - one who approaches, an assailant, an invader, an attacker

Agent Noun

From abhi- + yā (to go)

Prefix: abhi

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: This is an agent noun in nominative singular, agreeing with 'senāpatiḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - fight, battle, war

Past Passive Participle (from yudh)

From yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Often used as a noun meaning 'war'.

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana, the eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Taddhita derivation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - would regret, would repent

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of anutap

Imperfect of anu-tap

Prefix: anu

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: It is often translated as 'would regret' in these predictive contexts.