महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-23

शिशून्कृतास्त्रानशिशुप्रकाशान्यदा द्रष्टा कौरवः पञ्च शूरान् ।
त्यक्त्वा प्राणान्केकयानाद्रवन्तस्तदा युद्धं धार्तराष्ट्रोऽन्वतप्स्यत् ॥२३॥

23. śiśūnkṛtāstrānaśiśuprakāśā;nyadā draṣṭā kauravaḥ pañca śūrān ,
tyaktvā prāṇānkekayānādravanta;stadā yuddhaṁ dhārtarāṣṭro'nvatapsyat.

23. śiśūn kṛta-astrān a-śiśu-prakāśān
yadā draṣṭā kauravaḥ pañca śūrān
tyaktvā prāṇān kekayān ādravantaḥ
tadā yuddham dhārtarāṣṭraḥ anvatapsyat

23. When the Kaurava (Duryodhana) sees the five heroes—who are young, yet skilled in weaponry and do not appear like mere children—and also the Kekayas, who rush forward, having abandoned their lives, then Dhritarashtra's son will regret the war.

Words meanings summery:

• शिशून् (śiśūn) - young ones (referring to the five heroes) (children, young ones)

• कृत-अस्त्रान् (kṛta-astrān) - skilled in weaponry (skilled in weapons, practiced with missiles)

• अ-शिशु-प्रकाशान् (a-śiśu-prakāśān) - do not appear like mere children (in their prowess) (not appearing like children, having a non-childish appearance)

• यदा (yadā) - when

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - will see (one who will see, a seer, observer)

• कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - the Kaurava (Duryodhana) (a descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava, (specifically) Duryodhana)

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• शूरान् (śūrān) - heroes (heroes, brave ones, warriors)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up, having sacrificed)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• केकयान् (kekayān) - the Kekayas (the Kekayas (a people/princes))

• आद्रवन्तः (ādravantaḥ) - who rush forward (rushing towards, attacking, running to)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - the war (battle, war, fight)

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra's son (referring to Duryodhana implicitly) (son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava)

• अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - will regret (will regret, will repent, will suffer for)

Words meanings and morphology

शिशून् (śiśūn) - young ones (referring to the five heroes) (children, young ones)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śiśu

śiśu - child, young one, infant

Note: Object of `draṣṭā`

कृत-अस्त्रान् (kṛta-astrān) - skilled in weaponry (skilled in weapons, practiced with missiles)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṛta-astra

kṛta-astra - skilled in weapons, practiced with missiles

From kṛta (made/done) + astra (weapon)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛta+astra)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies `śiśūn` and `śūrān`

अ-शिशु-प्रकाशान् (a-śiśu-prakāśān) - do not appear like mere children (in their prowess) (not appearing like children, having a non-childish appearance)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of a-śiśu-prakāśa

a-śiśu-prakāśa - not appearing like a child, having a non-childish appearance

From a (not) + śiśu (child) + prakāśa (appearance)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+śiśu+prakāśa)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• śiśu – child, young one
  noun (masculine)
• prakāśa – appearance, manifestation, light, splendor
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-√kāś (to shine forth, appear)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Modifies `śiśūn` and `śūrān`

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction for temporal clause

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - will see (one who will see, a seer, observer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - a seer, observer, one who will see

Agent Noun / Future Participle

From root dṛś (to see), used here in a future sense

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate verb

कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - the Kaurava (Duryodhana) (a descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava, (specifically) Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - a descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava, (specifically) Duryodhana

Derived from Kuru

Note: Subject of `draṣṭā`

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Adjective for `śūrān`

शूरान् (śūrān) - heroes (heroes, brave ones, warriors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Object of `draṣṭā`, modified by `śiśūn kṛtāstrān aśiśuprakāśān` and `pañca`

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up, having sacrificed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root tyaj (to abandon)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Forms a compound predicate with `ādravantaḥ`

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit

Note: Object of `tyaktvā`

केकयान् (kekayān) - the Kekayas (the Kekayas (a people/princes))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kekaya

kekaya - a member of the Kekaya tribe, the Kekaya princes

Note: Object of `draṣṭā`

आद्रवन्तः (ādravantaḥ) - who rush forward (rushing towards, attacking, running to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ādravat

ādravat - rushing towards, attacking, running to

Present Active Participle

From ā-√dru (to run towards, attack)

Prefix: ā

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Participle referring to the individuals (the Kekayas and perhaps the five heroes) who are seen performing the action of rushing forth

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction for main clause

युद्धम् (yuddham) - the war (battle, war, fight)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle (often substantivized)

From root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'anvatapsyat'

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra's son (referring to Duryodhana implicitly) (son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava

Derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhritarashtra)

Note: Subject of 'anvatapsyat'

अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - will regret (will regret, will repent, will suffer for)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, conditional future (Lṛṅ) of anutap

From anu-√tap (to suffer after, to repent)

Prefix: anu

Root: tap (class 1)