महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-40

ब्रूयाच्च मा प्रवृणीष्वेति लोके युद्धेऽद्वितीयं सचिवं रथस्थम् ।
शिनेर्नप्तारं प्रवृणीम सात्यकिं महाबलं वीतभयं कृतास्त्रम् ॥४०॥

40. brūyācca mā pravṛṇīṣveti loke; yuddhe'dvitīyaṁ sacivaṁ rathastham ,
śinernaptāraṁ pravṛṇīma sātyakiṁ; mahābalaṁ vītabhayaṁ kṛtāstram.

40. brūyāt ca mā pravṛṇīṣva iti loke
yuddhe advitīyam sacivam rathastham
| śineḥ naptāram pravṛṇīma
sātyakim mahābalam vītabhayam kṛtāstram

40. One might say, 'Choose me as your unparalleled companion, who rides on your chariot, both in this world and in battle.' (However), we choose Sātyaki, the grandson of Śini, who is exceedingly powerful, fearless, and skilled in weaponry.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - one should say, one might say, let him say

• च (ca) - and, also

• मा (mā) - me

• प्रवृणीष्व (pravṛṇīṣva) - choose!

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in society

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• अद्वितीयम् (advitīyam) - unparalleled, unequalled, second to none

• सचिवम् (sacivam) - companion, minister, charioteer

• रथस्थम् (rathastham) - standing in the chariot, mounted on the chariot

• शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

• नप्तारम् (naptāram) - grandson

• प्रवृणीम (pravṛṇīma) - we choose, we select

• सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Sātyaki (name of a warrior)

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - very powerful, exceedingly strong

• वीतभयम् (vītabhayam) - fearless, one who has discarded fear

• कृतास्त्रम् (kṛtāstram) - skilled in weapons, master of arms

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - one should say, one might say, let him say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of brū

Optative Mood

3rd person singular active

Root: brū (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मा (mā) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, us

प्रवृणीष्व (pravṛṇīṣva) - choose!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of pravṛ

Imperative Mood

2nd person singular middle (ātmanepada)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛ (class 9)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying

(indeclinable)

लोके (loke) - in the world, in society

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √yudh (to fight), formed with suffix -ta.

Root: yudh (class 4)

अद्वितीयम् (advitīyam) - unparalleled, unequalled, second to none

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of advitīya

advitīya - unparalleled, unequalled, matchless

Compound of a (negation) + dvitīya (second)

सचिवम् (sacivam) - companion, minister, charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saciva

saciva - companion, associate, minister, charioteer

रथस्थम् (rathastham) - standing in the chariot, mounted on the chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing on a chariot, in a chariot

Compound of ratha (chariot) + stha (standing)

शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śini

śini - name of an ancient king, ancestor of Sātyaki

नप्तारम् (naptāram) - grandson

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naptar

naptar - grandson, descendant

प्रवृणीम (pravṛṇīma) - we choose, we select

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pravṛ

Present Tense

1st person plural active

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛ (class 9)

सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Sātyaki (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - name of a Vṛṣṇi warrior, grandson of Śini, a close ally of the Pandavas

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - very powerful, exceedingly strong

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very powerful, immensely strong

Compound of mahā (great) + bala (strength)

वीतभयम् (vītabhayam) - fearless, one who has discarded fear

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vītabhaya

vītabhaya - fearless, free from fear

Compound of vīta (gone, departed) + bhaya (fear)

कृतास्त्रम् (kṛtāstram) - skilled in weapons, master of arms

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtāstra

kṛtāstra - skilled in weapons, master of missiles/arms

Compound of kṛta (made, done, mastered) + astra (weapon)