महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-14

यदा द्रष्टा भीमसेनं रणस्थं गदाहस्तं क्रोधविषं वमन्तम् ।
दुर्मर्षणं पाण्डवं भीमवेगं तदा युद्धं धार्तराष्ट्रोऽन्वतप्स्यत् ॥१४॥

14. yadā draṣṭā bhīmasenaṁ raṇasthaṁ; gadāhastaṁ krodhaviṣaṁ vamantam ,
durmarṣaṇaṁ pāṇḍavaṁ bhīmavegaṁ; tadā yuddhaṁ dhārtarāṣṭro'nvatapsyat.

14. yadā draṣṭā bhīmasenaṃ raṇasthaṃ
gadāhastaṃ krodhaviṣaṃ vamantam
durmarṣaṇaṃ pāṇḍavaṃ bhīmavegaṃ tadā
yuddhaṃ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ anvatapsyat

14. When he saw Bhīmasena standing on the battlefield, holding a mace, spewing the poison of anger (krodha), that irresistible Pāṇḍava of terrible might, then Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana) would repent the war.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - he (Duryodhana) saw (agent noun functioning as verb) (seer, one who sees)

• भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - Bhīmasena (name)

• रणस्थं (raṇasthaṁ) - standing in battle, present on the battlefield

• गदाहस्तं (gadāhastaṁ) - having a mace in hand

• क्रोधविषं (krodhaviṣaṁ) - the poison of anger (krodha)

• वमन्तम् (vamantam) - vomiting, spewing, emitting

• दुर्मर्षणं (durmarṣaṇaṁ) - irresistible, unendurable, difficult to bear

• पाण्डवं (pāṇḍavaṁ) - Bhīmasena (descendant of Pāṇḍu)

• भीमवेगं (bhīmavegaṁ) - of terrible speed/force

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - war, battle

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - would repent, regret

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - he (Duryodhana) saw (agent noun functioning as verb) (seer, one who sees)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer

Agent noun

From √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used in the sense of a finite verb.

भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - Bhīmasena (name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava)

रणस्थं (raṇasthaṁ) - standing in battle, present on the battlefield

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇastha

raṇastha - standing in battle, present on the battlefield

Compound: 'raṇa' (battle) + 'stha' (standing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+stha)

• raṇa – battle, combat, fight
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• stha – standing, existing, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  From √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

गदाहस्तं (gadāhastaṁ) - having a mace in hand

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gadāhasta

gadāhasta - having a mace in hand

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'gadā' (mace) + 'hasta' (hand)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gadā+hasta)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

क्रोधविषं (krodhaviṣaṁ) - the poison of anger (krodha)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of krodhaviṣa

krodhaviṣa - the poison of anger (krodha)

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'krodha' (anger) + 'viṣa' (poison)

Compound type : tatpurusha (krodha+viṣa)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• viṣa – poison, venom
  noun (neuter)

वमन्तम् (vamantam) - vomiting, spewing, emitting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vamat

vamat - vomiting, spewing, emitting

Present Active Participle

From √vam (to vomit, emit)

Root: vam (class 1)

दुर्मर्षणं (durmarṣaṇaṁ) - irresistible, unendurable, difficult to bear

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durmarṣaṇa

durmarṣaṇa - irresistible, unendurable, difficult to bear

From √mṛṣ (to bear, endure) with prefix dur-

Prefix: dur

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

पाण्डवं (pāṇḍavaṁ) - Bhīmasena (descendant of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

भीमवेगं (bhīmavegaṁ) - of terrible speed/force

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmavega

bhīmavega - of terrible speed/force

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'bhīma' (terrible) + 'vega' (speed, force)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhīma+vega)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• vega – speed, force, impulse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 3)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - war, battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - war, battle

Past Passive Participle acting as noun

From √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, a Kaurava

Patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

अन्वतप्स्यत् (anvatapsyat) - would repent, regret

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of anvatap

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

From √tap (to heat, suffer) with prefix anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: tap (class 1)