महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-61

पूर्वाह्णे मां कृतजप्यं कदाचिद्विप्रः प्रोवाचोदकान्ते मनोज्ञम् ।
कर्तव्यं ते दुष्करं कर्म पार्थ योद्धव्यं ते शत्रुभिः सव्यसाचिन् ॥६१॥

61. pūrvāhṇe māṁ kṛtajapyaṁ kadāci;dvipraḥ provācodakānte manojñam ,
kartavyaṁ te duṣkaraṁ karma pārtha; yoddhavyaṁ te śatrubhiḥ savyasācin.

61. pūrvāhṇe mām kṛtajapyam kadācit
vipraḥ provāca udakānte manojñam
kartavyam te duṣkaram karma pārtha
yoddhavyam te śatrubhiḥ savyasācin

61. One morning, a Brahmin (vipra), having completed his daily prayers, once spoke to me near the water, saying something agreeable: 'O son of Pritha (Pārtha), you must accomplish a difficult task (karma); you, O Savyasachin, must fight against your enemies.'

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वाह्णे (pūrvāhṇe) - in the forenoon, in the morning

• माम् (mām) - refers to Arjuna (me)

• कृतजप्यम् (kṛtajapyam) - having performed recitation/prayers

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, sometimes, at some time

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin, a sage

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - he spoke, he said

• उदकान्ते (udakānte) - near the water, at the water's edge

• मनोज्ञम् (manojñam) - refers to the speech/message (pleasing, agreeable, beautiful)

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, ought to be done, duty

• ते (te) - by you, for you, your

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to perform, arduous

• कर्म (karma) - refers to the action of fighting the war (action, deed, work (karma))

• पार्थ (pārtha) - vocative for Arjuna (O son of Pritha (Arjuna))

• योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - to be fought, must be fought

• ते (te) - by you, for you, your

• शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies

• सव्यसाचिन् (savyasācin) - vocative for Arjuna (O ambidextrous one (Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वाह्णे (pūrvāhṇe) - in the forenoon, in the morning

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pūrvāhṇa

pūrvāhṇa - forenoon, morning

compound of pūrva + ahna

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+ahna)

• pūrva – first, prior, eastern
  adjective (masculine)
• ahna – day
  noun (masculine)

माम् (mām) - refers to Arjuna (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

कृतजप्यम् (kṛtajapyam) - having performed recitation/prayers

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtajapya

kṛtajapya - one who has performed japa (recitation)

compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+japya)

• kṛta – done, made
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• japya – to be recited, prayer, recitation
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root jap
  Root: jap (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mām'.

कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, sometimes, at some time

(indeclinable)

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin, a sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired, wise, priest

प्रोवाच (provāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

from root vac with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

उदकान्ते (udakānte) - near the water, at the water's edge

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of udakānta

udakānta - water's edge, vicinity of water

compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (udaka+anta)

• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)
• anta – edge, end, vicinity
  noun (masculine)

मनोज्ञम् (manojñam) - refers to the speech/message (pleasing, agreeable, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manojña

manojña - pleasing to the mind, agreeable, charming

compound (manas + jñā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manas+jña)

• manas – mind, intellect
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  from root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to implied 'vākyam' or 'vacanam' (speech).

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, ought to be done, duty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, fit to be done, duty

Gerundive

from root kṛ with suffix tavya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: It is a gerundive used as a predicate.

ते (te) - by you, for you, your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Often used for the agent of a gerundive (equivalent to instrumental).

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to perform, arduous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, arduous

compound (dus + kara)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• kara – making, doing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - refers to the action of fighting the war (action, deed, work (karma))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)

from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पार्थ (pārtha) - vocative for Arjuna (O son of Pritha (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna

patronymic from pṛthā

योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - to be fought, must be fought

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yoddhavya

yoddhavya - to be fought, fit to be fought

Gerundive

from root yudh with suffix tavya

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: It is a gerundive used as a predicate.

ते (te) - by you, for you, your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Often used for the agent of a gerundive (equivalent to instrumental).

शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

सव्यसाचिन् (savyasācin) - vocative for Arjuna (O ambidextrous one (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - ambidextrous, skillful with both hands, an epithet of Arjuna

compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left (hand), south
  adjective (neuter)
• sācin – drawing (a bow), shooter
  adjective (masculine)
  from root sañj
  Root: sañj (class 7)