महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-47, verse-47

यदा मौर्व्यास्तलनिष्पेषमुग्रं महाशब्दं वज्रनिष्पेषतुल्यम् ।
विधूयमानस्य महारणे मया गाण्डीवस्य श्रोष्यति मन्दबुद्धिः ॥४७॥

47. yadā maurvyāstalaniṣpeṣamugraṁ; mahāśabdaṁ vajraniṣpeṣatulyam ,
vidhūyamānasya mahāraṇe mayā; gāṇḍīvasya śroṣyati mandabuddhiḥ.

47. yadā maurvyāḥ talaniṣpeṣam ugraṃ
mahāśabdaṃ vajraniṣpeṣatulyaṃ
vidhūyamānasya mahāraṇe mayā
gāṇḍīvasya śroṣyati mandabuddhiḥ

47. When the dull-witted one (mandabuddhiḥ), in the great battle, hears the fierce and mighty sound of the Gaṇḍīva bow — a sound like the crash of a thunderbolt, produced by the striking of the bowstring by the palm — as it is wielded by me.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• मौर्व्याः (maurvyāḥ) - of the bowstring

• तलनिष्पेषम् (talaniṣpeṣam) - the striking of the palm (on the bowstring) (the striking of the palm)

• उग्रं (ugraṁ) - fierce (fierce, terrible, mighty)

• महाशब्दं (mahāśabdaṁ) - mighty sound (great sound, loud noise)

• वज्रनिष्पेषतुल्यं (vajraniṣpeṣatulyaṁ) - like the crash of a thunderbolt

• विधूयमानस्य (vidhūyamānasya) - as it is wielded (referring to the Gaṇḍīva) (of the one being shaken, of the one being wielded)

• महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

• मया (mayā) - by me (the speaker, who wields the Gaṇḍīva) (by me)

• गाण्डीवस्य (gāṇḍīvasya) - of the Gaṇḍīva bow (of the Gaṇḍīva (bow))

• श्रोष्यति (śroṣyati) - will hear

• मन्दबुद्धिः (mandabuddhiḥ) - the dull-witted one (referring to Duryodhana) (dull-witted, foolish, slow of intellect)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

मौर्व्याः (maurvyāḥ) - of the bowstring

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of maurvī

maurvī - bowstring (made of Mūrvā plant fiber)

Derived from mūrvā, a type of plant.

तलनिष्पेषम् (talaniṣpeṣam) - the striking of the palm (on the bowstring) (the striking of the palm)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of talaniṣpeṣa

talaniṣpeṣa - striking of the palm, smacking sound made by the palm

Compound of tala (palm) + niṣpeṣa (striking, crushing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tala+niṣpeṣa)

• tala – palm (of hand), sole (of foot), surface
  noun (masculine)
• niṣpeṣa – crushing, grinding, striking, impact
  noun (masculine)
  From ni-√piṣ (to crush).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: piṣ (class 7)

Note: Acting as the object of 'śroṣyati' along with 'mahāśabdaṃ'.

उग्रं (ugraṁ) - fierce (fierce, terrible, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, mighty, strong, violent

Note: Qualifies 'talaniṣpeṣam' and 'mahāśabdaṃ'.

महाशब्दं (mahāśabdaṁ) - mighty sound (great sound, loud noise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāśabda

mahāśabda - great sound, loud noise

Compound of mahā (great) + śabda (sound).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+śabda)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• śabda – sound, word, noise
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'śroṣyati'.

वज्रनिष्पेषतुल्यं (vajraniṣpeṣatulyaṁ) - like the crash of a thunderbolt

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vajraniṣpeṣatulya

vajraniṣpeṣatulya - like the crash of a thunderbolt, resembling the impact of a thunderbolt

Compound of vajra (thunderbolt) + niṣpeṣa (crash, impact) + tulya (like, equal).

Compound type : upama (vajra+niṣpeṣa+tulya)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (neuter)
• niṣpeṣa – crushing, impact, crash
  noun (masculine)
  From ni-√piṣ (to crush).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: piṣ (class 7)
• tulya – like, equal, similar
  adjective (masculine)

विधूयमानस्य (vidhūyamānasya) - as it is wielded (referring to the Gaṇḍīva) (of the one being shaken, of the one being wielded)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vidhūyamāna

vidhūyamāna - being shaken, being agitated, being wielded

Present Passive Participle

From vi-√dhū (to shake, agitate). The suffix -yamāna indicates passive voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Genitive singular, agreeing with 'gāṇḍīvasya'.

महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāraṇa

mahāraṇa - great battle, major war

Compound of mahā (great) + raṇa (battle).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+raṇa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• raṇa – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)

मया (mayā) - by me (the speaker, who wields the Gaṇḍīva) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person singular pronoun.

Note: Functions as the agent of the passive participle 'vidhūyamānasya'.

गाण्डीवस्य (gāṇḍīvasya) - of the Gaṇḍīva bow (of the Gaṇḍīva (bow))

(proper noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - Gaṇḍīva (the divine bow of Arjuna)

श्रोष्यति (śroṣyati) - will hear

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: The subject is 'mandabuddhiḥ'.

मन्दबुद्धिः (mandabuddhiḥ) - the dull-witted one (referring to Duryodhana) (dull-witted, foolish, slow of intellect)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandabuddhi

mandabuddhi - dull-witted, foolish, slow of intellect

Compound of manda (dull, slow) + buddhi (intellect, mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (manda+buddhi)

• manda – slow, dull, foolish, weak
  adjective (masculine)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind, reason
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, referring to 'the dull-witted one' (Duryodhana).