महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-95

सांख्यज्ञानमधीयानो योगशास्त्रं च कृत्स्नशः ।
धर्माधर्मौ च राजेन्द्र प्राकृतं परिगर्हयन् ॥९५॥

95. sāṁkhyajñānamadhīyāno yogaśāstraṁ ca kṛtsnaśaḥ ,
dharmādharmau ca rājendra prākṛtaṁ parigarhayan.

95. sāṅkhyajñānam adhīyānaḥ yogaśāstram ca kṛtsnaśaḥ
dharmādharma_u ca rājendra prākṛtam parigarhayant

95. rājendra,
(saḥ) sāṅkhyajñānam ca kṛtsnaśaḥ yogaśāstram adhīyānaḥ ca prākṛtam dharmādharma_u ca parigarhayant (avasan)

95. O King (rājendra), he resided (there) studying the knowledge of Sāṅkhya and the entire philosophy of Yoga (yogaśāstra), and criticizing both the material (prākṛtam) and the duality of natural law (dharma) and unnatural law (adharma).

Words meanings summery:

• साङ्ख्यज्ञानम् (sāṅkhyajñānam) - the knowledge of Sāṅkhya, Sāṅkhya philosophy

• अधीयानः (adhīyānaḥ) - studying, learning

• योगशास्त्रम् (yogaśāstram) - the philosophy of Yoga (yogaśāstra) (the scripture of Yoga, the science of Yoga)

• च (ca) - and

• कृत्स्नशः (kṛtsnaśaḥ) - completely, entirely

• धर्माधर्म_उ (dharmādharma_u) - the duality of natural law (dharma) and unnatural law (adharma) (natural law (dharma) and unnatural law (adharma), right and wrong)

• च (ca) - and

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O excellent king

• प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) - the material (prākṛtam) (the material, the worldly, the mundane)

• परिगर्हयन्त् (parigarhayant) - criticizing, censuring, despising

Words meanings and morphology

साङ्ख्यज्ञानम् (sāṅkhyajñānam) - the knowledge of Sāṅkhya, Sāṅkhya philosophy

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāṅkhyajñāna

sāṅkhyajñāna - the knowledge of Sāṅkhya, Sāṅkhya philosophy

Compound type : tatpurusha (sāṅkhya+jñāna)

• sāṅkhya – Sāṅkhya (one of the six orthodox systems of Indian philosophy), enumerative
  proper noun (neuter)
  From 'saṅkhyā' (number, enumeration)
  Root: khyā (class 2)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (to know) + lyuṭ (suffix)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'adhīyānaḥ'.

अधीयानः (adhīyānaḥ) - studying, learning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhīyāna

adhīyāna - studying, learning, reading

Present Middle Participle

From prefix adhi + root i (to go, to study) + śānac (present middle participle suffix)

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (the king from previous verse).

योगशास्त्रम् (yogaśāstram) - the philosophy of Yoga (yogaśāstra) (the scripture of Yoga, the science of Yoga)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yogaśāstra

yogaśāstra - the scripture of Yoga, the science of Yoga, Yoga philosophy

Compound type : tatpurusha (yoga+śāstra)

• yoga – yoga, union, spiritual discipline
  noun (masculine)
  From root yuj (to join, to concentrate) + ghañ (suffix)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• śāstra – scripture, science, treatise, rule
  noun (neuter)
  From root śās (to instruct) + tra (suffix)
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Object of 'adhīyānaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'sāṅkhyajñānam' and 'yogaśāstram'.

कृत्स्नशः (kṛtsnaśaḥ) - completely, entirely

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix 'śaḥ' from 'kṛtsna' (whole, entire)

Note: Modifies 'adhīyānaḥ'.

धर्माधर्म_उ (dharmādharma_u) - the duality of natural law (dharma) and unnatural law (adharma) (natural law (dharma) and unnatural law (adharma), right and wrong)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of dharmādharma

dharmādharma - natural law (dharma) and unnatural law (adharma), virtue and vice, right and wrong

Dvandva compound of 'dharma' and 'adharma'

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+adharma)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold) + man
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• adharma – unnatural law, unrighteousness, vice
  noun (masculine)
  Negative prefix a- + dharma
  Prefix: a
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'parigarhayant'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'prākṛtam' and 'dharmādharma_u'.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O excellent king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, excellent king

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• indra – Indra (chief of the gods), lord, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ind (class 1)

Note: Direct address to the listener.

प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) - the material (prākṛtam) (the material, the worldly, the mundane)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prākṛta

prākṛta - natural, common, vulgar, material, mundane

Derived from 'prakṛti' (nature, primary matter) + aṇ (suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'parigarhayant'. Used here as a substantive referring to 'the material world' or 'the material aspect'.

परिगर्हयन्त् (parigarhayant) - criticizing, censuring, despising

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parigarhayant

parigarhayant - criticizing, censuring, despising, blaming

Present Active Participle (causative)

From prefix pari + root garh (to blame) + causative suffix -aya + śatṛ (present active participle suffix)

Prefix: pari

Root: garh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (the king).