महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-39

ज्ञानं तु प्रकृतिं प्राहुर्ज्ञेयं निष्कलमेव च ।
अज्ञश्च ज्ञश्च पुरुषस्तस्मान्निष्कल उच्यते ॥३९॥

39. jñānaṁ tu prakṛtiṁ prāhurjñeyaṁ niṣkalameva ca ,
ajñaśca jñaśca puruṣastasmānniṣkala ucyate.

39. jñānaṃ tu prakṛtim prāhuḥ jñeyaṃ niṣkalam eva ca
| ajñaḥ ca jñaḥ ca puruṣaḥ tasmāt niṣkalaḥ ucyate

39. (vidvamsaḥ) jñānaṃ tu prakṛtim
prāhuḥ jñeyaṃ ca eva niṣkalam (prāhuḥ)
puruṣaḥ ajñaḥ ca jñaḥ ca
(bhavati) tasmāt (saḥ) niṣkalaḥ ucyate

39. They call knowledge (jñāna) primordial nature (prakṛti), and the knowable (jñeya) indeed as partless (niṣkala). The cosmic person (puruṣa) is both the ignorant and the knowing one; therefore, it is called partless (niṣkala).

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञानं (jñānaṁ) - the faculty of knowledge or intellect, often identified with a modification of prakṛti (knowledge)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - the fundamental material principle (prakṛti) (primordial nature)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they call

• ज्ञेयं (jñeyaṁ) - that which is ultimately to be known, i.e., puruṣa (the knowable, that which is to be known)

• निष्कलम् (niṣkalam) - the partless principle, here referring to puruṣa (without parts, indivisible)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• च (ca) - and

• अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - puruṣa in its state of apparent ignorance when associated with prakṛti (the ignorant, unknowing)

• च (ca) - and

• ज्ञः (jñaḥ) - puruṣa in its pure, conscious state (the knowing, wise)

• च (ca) - and

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the conscious principle (puruṣa) (the cosmic person, spirit)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - as a consequence of the preceding statement (therefore, from that)

• निष्कलः (niṣkalaḥ) - the partless principle, here referring to puruṣa (without parts, indivisible)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञानं (jñānaṁ) - the faculty of knowledge or intellect, often identified with a modification of prakṛti (knowledge)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding, perception

From root 'jñā' (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'prāhuḥ'

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - the fundamental material principle (prakṛti) (primordial nature)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - primordial nature, material cause, source, original form

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object (predicate accusative) of 'prāhuḥ'

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they call

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Root 'ah' (imperfect and perfect forms are used to mean 'say')

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

ज्ञेयं (jñeyaṁ) - that which is ultimately to be known, i.e., puruṣa (the knowable, that which is to be known)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jñeya

jñeya - to be known, knowable, object of knowledge

Gerundive

Derived from root 'jñā' (to know) + suffix '-eya'

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'prāhuḥ'

निष्कलम् (niṣkalam) - the partless principle, here referring to puruṣa (without parts, indivisible)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niṣkala

niṣkala - without parts, indivisible, spotless, pure

From 'nis-' (without) + 'kala' (part)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+kala)

• nis – out, forth, without
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or absence
• kala – a part, a fragment, a division
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object (predicate accusative) of 'prāhuḥ'

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - puruṣa in its state of apparent ignorance when associated with prakṛti (the ignorant, unknowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, unknowing, foolish

From 'a-' (not) + 'jña' (knowing)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jña – knowing, intelligent
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to 'puruṣa'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ज्ञः (jñaḥ) - puruṣa in its pure, conscious state (the knowing, wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jña

jña - knowing, intelligent, wise

From root 'jñā' (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to 'puruṣa'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the conscious principle (puruṣa) (the cosmic person, spirit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person; cosmic person, spirit, self

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - as a consequence of the preceding statement (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative form of 'tad' (that), used as an indeclinable adverb

निष्कलः (niṣkalaḥ) - the partless principle, here referring to puruṣa (without parts, indivisible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣkala

niṣkala - without parts, indivisible, spotless, pure

From 'nis-' (without) + 'kala' (part)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+kala)

• nis – out, forth, without
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or absence
• kala – a part, a fragment, a division
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'puruṣaḥ' (implied as subject of ucyate)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)