महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-38

अव्यक्तं प्रकृतिं प्राहुः पुरुषेति च निर्गुणम् ।
तथैव मित्रं पुरुषं वरुणं प्रकृतिं तथा ॥३८॥

38. avyaktaṁ prakṛtiṁ prāhuḥ puruṣeti ca nirguṇam ,
tathaiva mitraṁ puruṣaṁ varuṇaṁ prakṛtiṁ tathā.

38. avyaktaṃ prakṛtim prāhuḥ puruṣam iti ca nirguṇam
| tathaiva mitram puruṣam varuṇam prakṛtim tathā

38. (vidvamsaḥ) avyaktaṃ prakṛtim
prāhuḥ puruṣam ca iti nirguṇam
(prāhuḥ) tathaiva mitram puruṣam
varuṇam tathā prakṛtim (prāhuḥ)

38. They call the unmanifest (avyakta) primordial nature (prakṛti), and the cosmic person (puruṣa) as being without qualities (nirguṇa). Similarly, they consider Mitra to be the cosmic person (puruṣa) and Varuṇa to be primordial nature (prakṛti).

Words meanings summery:

• अव्यक्तं (avyaktaṁ) - the unmanifest (avyakta) principle, which is prakṛti (the unmanifest, imperceptible)

• प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - the fundamental material principle (prakṛti) (primordial nature)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they call

• पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - the conscious principle (puruṣa) (the cosmic person, spirit)

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• च (ca) - and

• निर्गुणम् (nirguṇam) - devoid of the three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas) (without qualities)

• तथैव (tathaiva) - similarly, just so

• मित्रम् (mitram) - the deity Mitra, here identified with Puruṣa (Mitra (a Vedic deity))

• पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - the conscious principle (puruṣa) (the cosmic person, spirit)

• वरुणम् (varuṇam) - the deity Varuṇa, here identified with Prakṛti (Varuṇa (a Vedic deity))

• प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - the fundamental material principle (prakṛti) (primordial nature)

• तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

Words meanings and morphology

अव्यक्तं (avyaktaṁ) - the unmanifest (avyakta) principle, which is prakṛti (the unmanifest, imperceptible)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyakta

avyakta - unmanifest, imperceptible, indistinct (in Sāṃkhya philosophy, refers to prakṛti)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'vi-añj' (to manifest) with 'a-' negation prefix

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyakta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vyakta – manifested, perceptible, distinct
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'vi-añj' (to manifest)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Object of 'prāhuḥ'

प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - the fundamental material principle (prakṛti) (primordial nature)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - primordial nature, material cause, source, original form (a key concept in Sāṃkhya philosophy)

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'prāhuḥ'

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they call

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Root 'ah' (imperfect and perfect forms are used to mean 'say')

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - the conscious principle (puruṣa) (the cosmic person, spirit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person; cosmic person, spirit, self (a key concept in Sāṃkhya and Vedic philosophy)

Note: Object of 'prāhuḥ'

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निर्गुणम् (nirguṇam) - devoid of the three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas) (without qualities)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirguṇa

nirguṇa - without qualities, attributeless, unconditioned (often used to describe Brahman or Puruṣa)

From 'nis-' (without) + 'guṇa' (quality)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+guṇa)

• nis – out, forth, without
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or absence
• guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'puruṣam'

तथैव (tathaiva) - similarly, just so

(indeclinable)

From 'tathā' (thus) + 'eva' (indeed)

मित्रम् (mitram) - the deity Mitra, here identified with Puruṣa (Mitra (a Vedic deity))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mitra

mitra - friend; (as a proper noun) a Vedic deity associated with light, contracts, and moral order

Note: Object of an implied 'call' or 'consider'

पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - the conscious principle (puruṣa) (the cosmic person, spirit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person; cosmic person, spirit, self

Note: Object (predicate accusative) of an implied 'call' or 'consider'

वरुणम् (varuṇam) - the deity Varuṇa, here identified with Prakṛti (Varuṇa (a Vedic deity))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of varuṇa

varuṇa - a Vedic deity associated with cosmic and moral order, often with waters and the night

Note: Object of an implied 'call' or 'consider'

प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - the fundamental material principle (prakṛti) (primordial nature)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - primordial nature, material cause, source, original form

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object (predicate accusative) of an implied 'call' or 'consider'

तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)