महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-68

अबुध्यमानां प्रकृतिं बुध्यते पञ्चविंशकः ।
न तु बुध्यति गन्धर्व प्रकृतिः पञ्चविंशकम् ॥६८॥

68. abudhyamānāṁ prakṛtiṁ budhyate pañcaviṁśakaḥ ,
na tu budhyati gandharva prakṛtiḥ pañcaviṁśakam.

68. abudhyamānām prakṛtim budhyate pañcaviṃśakaḥ na
tu budhyati gandharva prakṛtiḥ pañcaviṃśakam

68. gandharva pañcaviṃśakaḥ abudhyamānām prakṛtim
budhyate tu prakṛtiḥ pañcaviṃśakam na budhyati

68. O Gandharva, the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) understands unconscious nature (prakṛti), but nature (prakṛti) does not understand the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• अबुध्यमानाम् (abudhyamānām) - unconscious (not understanding, unknowing, unconscious)

• प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - primordial nature (prakṛti) (nature, origin, primal matter)

• बुध्यते (budhyate) - understands (understands, knows)

• पञ्चविंशकः (pañcaviṁśakaḥ) - the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) (the twenty-fifth)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• बुध्यति (budhyati) - understands (understands, knows)

• गन्धर्व (gandharva) - O Gandharva (a celestial being, used as a vocative for an interlocutor) (O Gandharva)

• प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - primordial nature (prakṛti) (nature, origin, primal matter)

• पञ्चविंशकम् (pañcaviṁśakam) - the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) (the twenty-fifth)

Words meanings and morphology

अबुध्यमानाम् (abudhyamānām) - unconscious (not understanding, unknowing, unconscious)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of abudhyamāna

abudhyamāna - not understanding, unconscious

Present Middle Participle

From verb root √budh (to know, understand) with prefix a- (negation) and suffix śānac (ātmanepada participle).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+budhyamāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• budhyamāna – understanding, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Middle Participle
  From verb root √budh (to know, understand) with suffix śānac (ātmanepada participle).
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Feminine form of abudhyamāna.

प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - primordial nature (prakṛti) (nature, origin, primal matter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, origin, primal matter, fundamental constituent

From pra + √kṛ + kti.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

बुध्यते (budhyate) - understands (understands, knows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of budh

Root verb.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Present tense, middle voice, 3rd singular.

पञ्चविंशकः (pañcaviṁśakaḥ) - the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) (the twenty-fifth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcaviṃśaka

pañcaviṁśaka - the twenty-fifth, a person representing the 25th principle

Derived from pañcan (five) + viṃśati (twenty).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pañcan+viṃśati)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• viṃśati – twenty
  numeral (feminine)

Note: Refers to Puruṣa.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

बुध्यति (budhyati) - understands (understands, knows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of budh

Root verb.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Present tense, active voice, 3rd singular.

गन्धर्व (gandharva) - O Gandharva (a celestial being, used as a vocative for an interlocutor) (O Gandharva)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gandharva

gandharva - a Gandharva (celestial musician, divine being)

प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - primordial nature (prakṛti) (nature, origin, primal matter)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, origin, primal matter, fundamental constituent

From pra + √kṛ + kti.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पञ्चविंशकम् (pañcaviṁśakam) - the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) (the twenty-fifth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pañcaviṃśaka

pañcaviṁśaka - the twenty-fifth, a person representing the 25th principle

Derived from pañcan (five) + viṃśati (twenty).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pañcan+viṃśati)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• viṃśati – twenty
  numeral (feminine)

Note: Refers to Puruṣa.