महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-34

चतुर्थी राजशार्दूल विद्यैषा सांपरायिकी ।
उदीरिता मया तुभ्यं पञ्चविंशेऽधि धिष्ठिता ॥३४॥

34. caturthī rājaśārdūla vidyaiṣā sāṁparāyikī ,
udīritā mayā tubhyaṁ pañcaviṁśe'dhi dhiṣṭhitā.

34. caturthī rājaśārdūla vidyā eṣā sāṃparāyikī
udīritā mayā tubhyam pañcaviṃśe adhi dhiṣṭhitā

34. rājaśārdūla eṣā caturthī sāṃparāyikī vidyā
mayā tubhyam udīritā pañcaviṃśe adhi dhiṣṭhitā

34. O best of kings (rājaśārdūla), this fourth branch of knowledge, which pertains to the highest good or final liberation (mokṣa), has been declared by me to you, and it is founded upon the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• चतुर्थी (caturthī) - the fourth (fourth)

• राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - O best of kings (O best of kings, O tiger among kings)

• विद्या (vidyā) - branch of knowledge (knowledge, science, learning)

• एषा (eṣā) - this (this, this one)

• सांपरायिकी (sāṁparāyikī) - which pertains to the highest good or final liberation (mokṣa) (pertaining to the future world, conducive to the highest good, final liberation)

• उदीरिता (udīritā) - has been declared (spoken, declared, promulgated, uttered)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• तुभ्यम् (tubhyam) - to you (to you, for you)

• पञ्चविंशे (pañcaviṁśe) - upon the twenty-fifth principle (on the twenty-fifth)

• अधि (adhi) - upon (upon, over, concerning, relating to)

• धिष्ठिता (dhiṣṭhitā) - founded upon (placed, established, situated, dwelling)

Words meanings and morphology

चतुर्थी (caturthī) - the fourth (fourth)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of caturtha

caturtha - fourth

Ordinal numeral from 'catur' (four).

Note: Agrees with 'vidyā'.

राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - O best of kings (O best of kings, O tiger among kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājaśārdūla

rājaśārdūla - tiger among kings, best of kings

Compound of 'rājan' (king) and 'śārdūla' (tiger), used metaphorically to mean 'best'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+śārdūla)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger; best, excellent (when used in compounds)
  noun (masculine)

विद्या (vidyā) - branch of knowledge (knowledge, science, learning)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, wisdom

From root 'vid' (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

एषा (eṣā) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'vidyā'.

सांपरायिकी (sāṁparāyikī) - which pertains to the highest good or final liberation (mokṣa) (pertaining to the future world, conducive to the highest good, final liberation)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sāṃparāyika

sāṁparāyika - pertaining to the future world; conducive to the highest good; leading to final liberation

Derived from 'saṃparāya' (going to the other side, future state, final struggle).

Prefixes: sam+pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vidyā'.

उदीरिता (udīritā) - has been declared (spoken, declared, promulgated, uttered)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of udīrita

udīrita - spoken, declared, uttered, promulgated

Past Passive Participle

From ud- (up, out) + root 'īr' (to move, stir, utter).

Prefix: ud

Root: īr (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vidyā'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

तुभ्यम् (tubhyam) - to you (to you, for you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuyad

yuyad - you (singular/plural)

पञ्चविंशे (pañcaviṁśe) - upon the twenty-fifth principle (on the twenty-fifth)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pañcaviṃśa

pañcaviṁśa - twenty-fifth

Ordinal numeral from 'pañcaviṃśati' (twenty-five). Refers to the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) in Sāṃkhya philosophy.

Compound type : dvandva (pañcan+viṃśati)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• viṃśati – twenty
  numeral (feminine)

Note: Used here in a substantival sense, referring to the 25th principle (puruṣa).

अधि (adhi) - upon (upon, over, concerning, relating to)

(indeclinable)

Preposition or prefix.

Note: Functions here to connect the location/basis ('pañcaviṃśe') with the 'vidyā' that is established there.

धिष्ठिता (dhiṣṭhitā) - founded upon (placed, established, situated, dwelling)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhiṣṭhita

dhiṣṭhita - placed, established, situated, dwelling, based

Past Passive Participle

From adhi- (upon) + root 'sthā' (to stand, establish). The 's' changes to 'ṣ' due to 'i'.

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vidyā'. The prefix 'adhi' in 'adhi dhiṣṭhitā' functions similarly to a prefix within a compound, indicating 'established upon/in'.