महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-17

कृत्वा चाध्ययनं तेषां शिष्याणां शतमुत्तमम् ।
विप्रियार्थं सशिष्यस्य मातुलस्य महात्मनः ॥१७॥

17. kṛtvā cādhyayanaṁ teṣāṁ śiṣyāṇāṁ śatamuttamam ,
vipriyārthaṁ saśiṣyasya mātulasya mahātmanaḥ.

17. kṛtvā ca adhyayanaṃ teṣāṃ śiṣyāṇāṃ śataṃ uttamam
vipriyārthaṃ saśiṣyasya mātulasya mahātmanaḥ

17. ca teṣāṃ uttamam śataṃ śiṣyāṇāṃ adhyayanaṃ kṛtvā
saśiṣyasya mahātmanaḥ mātulasya vipriyārthaṃ

17. And having performed the teaching for those hundred excellent disciples, (he did this) in order to vex his great-souled maternal uncle and his disciple.

Words meanings summery:

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

• च (ca) - and

• अध्ययनं (adhyayanaṁ) - study, teaching (of sacred texts)

• तेषां (teṣāṁ) - of them, to them

• शिष्याणां (śiṣyāṇāṁ) - of disciples

• शतं (śataṁ) - a hundred

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (disciples) (excellent, best)

• विप्रियार्थं (vipriyārthaṁ) - for the displeasure, for vexation

• सशिष्यस्य (saśiṣyasya) - of his maternal uncle (who was) with his disciple (of one with his disciple, with his disciple)

• मातुलस्य (mātulasya) - of the maternal uncle

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled maternal uncle (of the great-souled, of the noble)

Words meanings and morphology

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

(indeclinable)

indeclinable participle (absolutive/gerund)

Formed from root kṛ with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses a prior action.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this action to a preceding context.

अध्ययनं (adhyayanaṁ) - study, teaching (of sacred texts)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adhyayana

adhyayana - study, reading (especially of Vedas), teaching, learning

verbal noun

Formed from 'adhi' (prefix) + 'i' (to go) + 'ana' (suffix)

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

तेषां (teṣāṁ) - of them, to them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the disciples.

शिष्याणां (śiṣyāṇāṁ) - of disciples

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, pupil, student

From root 'śiṣ' (to teach, to instruct)

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Possessive, "of disciples".

शतं (śataṁ) - a hundred

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies the number of disciples.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (disciples) (excellent, best)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, principal

Superlative of 'ud' or 'ut' (up, out)

Note: Modifies 'śataṃ' (a hundred excellent ones).

विप्रियार्थं (vipriyārthaṁ) - for the displeasure, for vexation

(indeclinable)

Formed by 'vipriya' (displeasure) + 'artha' (purpose, sake)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipriya+artha)

• vipriya – displeasure, dislike, unpleasant
  noun/adjective (neuter)
  vi- (negating prefix) + priya (dear, pleasing)
  Prefix: vi
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes purpose.

सशिष्यस्य (saśiṣyasya) - of his maternal uncle (who was) with his disciple (of one with his disciple, with his disciple)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saśiṣya

saśiṣya - together with a pupil/disciple

'sa' (with) + 'śiṣya' (disciple)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+śiṣya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable prefix
• śiṣya – disciple, pupil
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'śiṣ' (to teach, to instruct)
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'mātulasya'.

मातुलस्य (mātulasya) - of the maternal uncle

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mātula

mātula - maternal uncle

Note: Possessive.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled maternal uncle (of the great-souled, of the noble)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, (referring to a great person)

'mahā' (great) + 'ātman' (soul)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'mātulasya'.