महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-4

वरं वृणीष्व विप्रर्षे यदिष्टं ते सुदुर्लभम् ।
तत्ते दास्यामि प्रीतात्मा मत्प्रसादो हि दुर्लभः ॥४॥

4. varaṁ vṛṇīṣva viprarṣe yadiṣṭaṁ te sudurlabham ,
tatte dāsyāmi prītātmā matprasādo hi durlabhaḥ.

4. varam vṛṇīṣva viprarṣe yat iṣṭam te sudurlabham |
tat te dāsyāmi prīta-ātmā mat-prasādaḥ hi durlabhaḥ

4. viprarṣe te yat sudurlabham iṣṭam varam vṛṇīṣva
prīta-ātmā tat te dāsyāmi hi mat-prasādaḥ durlabhaḥ

4. Choose a boon, O Brahmin sage, whatever you desire that is exceedingly rare. I, with a pleased mind (ātman), will grant that to you, for my grace is indeed hard to attain.

Words meanings summery:

• वरम् (varam) - boon (boon, wish, blessing, choice)

• वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, request (choose, ask for, select, request)

• विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O Brahmin sage (O Brahmin sage, O holy seer)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever, that)

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired (desired, wished for, beloved, worshipped)

• ते (te) - by you (implied possessor or agent of desire) (to you, by you, your)

• सुदुर्लभम् (sudurlabham) - exceedingly rare (very difficult to obtain, exceedingly rare)

• तत् (tat) - that (boon) (that, that (thing))

• ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your)

• दास्यामि (dāsyāmi) - I will grant (I will give, I will grant, I will bestow)

• प्रीत-आत्मा (prīta-ātmā) - with a pleased mind (ātman) (one whose self is pleased, with a pleased mind/soul)

• मत्-प्रसादः (mat-prasādaḥ) - my grace (my grace, my favor)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because, surely)

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - hard to attain (difficult to obtain, rare)

Words meanings and morphology

वरम् (varam) - boon (boon, wish, blessing, choice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vara

vara - boon, wish, blessing, choice

Derived from the root vṛ (to choose, ask for).

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Object of 'vṛṇīṣva'.

वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, request (choose, ask for, select, request)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛṇ

middle imperative, 2nd person singular

From root vṛ (9th class, 'to choose'), imperative, middle voice, 2nd person singular.

Root: vṛ (class 9)

विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O Brahmin sage (O Brahmin sage, O holy seer)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of viprarṣi

viprarṣi - Brahmin sage, holy seer

Compound of 'vipra' (Brahmin) and 'ṛṣi' (sage).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipra+ṛṣi)

• vipra – Brahmin, learned, wise
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing the sage.

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun, refers to 'varam' (boon).

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired (desired, wished for, beloved, worshipped)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished for, beloved, worshipped

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root yaj (to worship, sacrifice, desire).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'varam'.

ते (te) - by you (implied possessor or agent of desire) (to you, by you, your)

(pronoun)

singular of tvad

tvad - you

Enclitic form of the 2nd person pronoun yṣmad, used as dative or genitive singular.

Note: Indicates the person for whom the boon is desired.

सुदुर्लभम् (sudurlabham) - exceedingly rare (very difficult to obtain, exceedingly rare)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sudurlabha

sudurlabha - very difficult to obtain, exceedingly rare

Compound of 'su-' (good, very) and 'durlabha' (difficult to obtain).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+durlabha)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  An intensifying prefix.
• durlabha – difficult to obtain, rare
  adjective (neuter)
  Compound of 'dur-' (difficult, bad) and 'labha' (obtaining).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'varam'.

तत् (tat) - that (boon) (that, that (thing))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that (thing)

Note: Refers to the desired boon.

ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Enclitic form of the 2nd person pronoun yṣmad, used as dative or genitive singular.

Note: Indicates the recipient.

दास्यामि (dāsyāmi) - I will grant (I will give, I will grant, I will bestow)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of dā

future active, 1st person singular

From root dā (3rd class, 'to give'), future tense, active voice, 1st person singular.

Root: dā (class 3)

प्रीत-आत्मा (prīta-ātmā) - with a pleased mind (ātman) (one whose self is pleased, with a pleased mind/soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta-ātman

prīta-ātman - one whose self is pleased, with a pleased mind/soul

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'prīta' (pleased) + 'ātman' (self).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prīta+ātman)

• prīta – pleased, satisfied, delighted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of the root prī (to please, satisfy).
  Root: prī (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence, refers to the speaker (the grantor of the boon).

मत्-प्रसादः (mat-prasādaḥ) - my grace (my grace, my favor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mat-prasāda

mat-prasāda - my grace, my favor

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'mad' (my, of me) + 'prasāda' (grace).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+prasāda)

• mad – my, of me
  pronoun
  Genitive singular of asmad (I).
• prasāda – grace, favor, kindness, clearness
  noun (masculine)
  From pra + sad (to sit down, to settle, to be clear).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Subject of the clause 'my grace is hard to obtain'.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because, surely)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic and explanatory particle.

Note: Connects and explains the previous statement.

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - hard to attain (difficult to obtain, rare)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare

Compound of 'dur-' (difficult) and 'labha' (obtaining).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+labha)

• dur – difficult, bad, ill
  indeclinable
  A prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• labha – obtaining, gain
  noun (masculine)
  From the root labh (to obtain).
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'mat-prasādaḥ'.