महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-72

मत्स्येवोदकमन्वेति प्रवर्तति प्रवर्तनात् ।
यथैव बुध्यते मत्स्यस्तथैषोऽप्यनुबुध्यते ।
सस्नेहः सहवासाच्च साभिमानश्च नित्यशः ॥७२॥

72. matsyevodakamanveti pravartati pravartanāt ,
yathaiva budhyate matsyastathaiṣo'pyanubudhyate ,
sasnehaḥ sahavāsācca sābhimānaśca nityaśaḥ.

72. matsyaḥ iva udakam anveti pravartati
pravartanāt yathā eva budhyate matsyaḥ
tathā eṣaḥ api anubudhyate sasnehaḥ
sahavāsāt ca sābhimānaḥ ca nityaśaḥ

72. matsyaḥ iva udakam anveti pravartanāt
pravartati yathā eva matsyaḥ budhyate
tathā eṣaḥ api anubudhyate sahavāsāt
ca sasnehaḥ ca nityaśaḥ sābhimānaḥ

72. Just as a fish instinctively follows water and moves by its inherent nature, and just as a fish is aware, so too this being perceives and understands. He is always affectionate due to cohabitation and also constantly filled with pride.

Words meanings summery:

• मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• उदकम् (udakam) - water

• अन्वेति (anveti) - follows, seeks, goes after

• प्रवर्तति (pravartati) - proceeds, acts, moves

• प्रवर्तनात् (pravartanāt) - from impulsion, from instigation, from its activity

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• बुध्यते (budhyate) - perceives, understands, is aware

• मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to the 'being' or 'self' implied in the context (often a living entity, jīva). (this, this one)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अनुबुध्यते (anubudhyate) - perceives, understands, becomes aware

• सस्नेहः (sasnehaḥ) - affectionate, loving, with affection

• सहवासात् (sahavāsāt) - from cohabitation, from living together, from association

• च (ca) - and

• साभिमानः (sābhimānaḥ) - proud, with self-conceit, arrogant

• च (ca) - and

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly, eternally

Words meanings and morphology

मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

उदकम् (udakam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udaka

udaka - water

अन्वेति (anveti) - follows, seeks, goes after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anu-√i

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

प्रवर्तति (pravartati) - proceeds, acts, moves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-√vṛt

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

प्रवर्तनात् (pravartanāt) - from impulsion, from instigation, from its activity

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pravartana

pravartana - impulsion, instigation, activity

From pra-√vṛt + -ana (suffix for action nouns)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

बुध्यते (budhyate) - perceives, understands, is aware

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √budh

Root: budh (class 4)

मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to the 'being' or 'self' implied in the context (often a living entity, jīva). (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अनुबुध्यते (anubudhyate) - perceives, understands, becomes aware

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of anu-√budh

Prefix: anu

Root: budh (class 4)

सस्नेहः (sasnehaḥ) - affectionate, loving, with affection

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sasneha

sasneha - affectionate, loving, with affection

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+sneha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• sneha – affection, love, oil
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'eṣaḥ'.

सहवासात् (sahavāsāt) - from cohabitation, from living together, from association

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sahavāsa

sahavāsa - cohabitation, living together, association

Compound type : tatpurusha (saha+vāsa)

• saha – with, together
  indeclinable
• vāsa – dwelling, living, residence
  noun (masculine)
  From √vas (to dwell) + -a (suffix)
  Root: vas (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

साभिमानः (sābhimānaḥ) - proud, with self-conceit, arrogant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sābhimāna

sābhimāna - proud, with self-conceit, arrogant

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+abhimāna)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• abhimāna – pride, self-conceit, notion of 'I'
  noun (masculine)
  From abhi-√man (to think highly of) + -a (suffix)
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'eṣaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly, eternally

(indeclinable)

From nitya (constant) + -śas (adverbial suffix)