महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-84

ज्ञानान्मोक्षो जायते पूरुषाणां नास्त्यज्ञानादेवमाहुर्नरेन्द्र ।
तस्माज्ज्ञानं तत्त्वतोऽन्वेषितव्यं येनात्मानं मोक्षयेज्जन्ममृत्योः ॥८४॥

84. jñānānmokṣo jāyate pūruṣāṇāṁ; nāstyajñānādevamāhurnarendra ,
tasmājjñānaṁ tattvato'nveṣitavyaṁ; yenātmānaṁ mokṣayejjanmamṛtyoḥ.

84. jñānāt mokṣaḥ jāyate pūruṣāṇām na
asti ajñānāt evam āhuḥ narendra |
tasmāt jñānam tattvataḥ anveṣitavyam
yena ātmānam mokṣayet janmamṛtyoḥ

84. narendra,
pūruṣāṇām jñānāt mokṣaḥ jāyate,
ajñānāt na asti,
evam āhuḥ tasmāt tattvataḥ jñānam anveṣitavyam,
yena ātmānam janmamṛtyoḥ mokṣayet.

84. O king, it is said that liberation (mokṣa) for individuals arises from knowledge, and not from ignorance. Therefore, knowledge should be sought in its true essence, by which one may free oneself (ātman) from the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra).

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञानात् (jñānāt) - from knowledge

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - spiritual liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, freedom)

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, happens

• पूरुषाणाम् (pūruṣāṇām) - of persons, for human beings

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, due to lack of knowledge

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they speak

• नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in truth, truly, in essence

• अन्वेषितव्यम् (anveṣitavyam) - should be sought, to be searched for

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the individual self (ātman) (oneself, the self)

• मोक्षयेत् (mokṣayet) - one may liberate, should liberate

• जन्ममृत्योः (janmamṛtyoḥ) - from the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra) (from birth and death)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञानात् (jñānāt) - from knowledge

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, spiritual knowledge, wisdom

Derived from root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - spiritual liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, freedom)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, emancipation, release, freedom from transmigration

Derived from root muc (to free, release)

Root: muc (class 6)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Root in passive sense (Dhatupatha 4. Jana - to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Often used in passive sense.

पूरुषाणाम् (pūruṣāṇām) - of persons, for human beings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, due to lack of knowledge

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, lack of knowledge

Compound of 'a' (not) and 'jñāna' (knowledge)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, spiritual knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root vac takes irregular forms like āhuḥ (perfect tense).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Represents 'they said' or 'it is said'.

नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound of nara (man) and indra (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (the deity)
  noun (masculine)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an indeclinable 'therefore'.

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, spiritual knowledge, wisdom

Derived from root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: It's the subject of 'should be sought'.

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in truth, truly, in essence

(indeclinable)

Derived from tattva (truth, reality) with the suffix -tas

अन्वेषितव्यम् (anveṣitavyam) - should be sought, to be searched for

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anveṣitavya

anveṣitavya - to be sought, to be investigated

Gerundive (Karmani)

Root iṣ (to seek) with prefix anu, in causative form (eṣayati) then gerundive suffix -tavya.

Prefix: anu

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Gerundive expressing obligation or fitness.

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to jñānam.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the individual self (ātman) (oneself, the self)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, the individual soul (ātman)

Note: Object of 'mokṣayet'.

मोक्षयेत् (mokṣayet) - one may liberate, should liberate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of muc

Causative form.

Root muc with causative suffix -i (mucayati) then optative form.

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Expresses possibility or potential.

जन्ममृत्योः (janmamṛtyoḥ) - from the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra) (from birth and death)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of janmamṛtyu

janmamṛtyu - birth and death, transmigration

Compound of janman (birth) and mṛtyu (death)

Compound type : dvandva (janman+mṛtyu)

• janman – birth, origin
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• mṛtyu – death, mortality
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Refers to the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra).