महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-306, verse-15

ततोऽहमर्घ्यं विधिवत्सरस्वत्यै न्यवेदयम् ।
तपतां च वरिष्ठाय निषण्णस्तत्परायणः ॥१५॥

15. tato'hamarghyaṁ vidhivatsarasvatyai nyavedayam ,
tapatāṁ ca variṣṭhāya niṣaṇṇastatparāyaṇaḥ.

15. tataḥ aham arghyam vidhivat sarasvatyai nyavedayam
tapatām ca variṣṭhāya niṣaṇṇaḥ tatparāyaṇaḥ

15. tataḥ aham vidhivat arghyam sarasvatyai ca tapatām
variṣṭhāya niṣaṇṇaḥ tatparāyaṇaḥ nyavedayam

15. Then, I formally offered the honorific libation (arghya) to Sarasvatī, and to the foremost among those performing austerities (tapas), as I sat devoted to her.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

• अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - honorific libation (arghya) (offering, honorific libation (especially of water))

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - formally, according to rule (according to rule, properly, formally)

• सरस्वत्यै (sarasvatyai) - to Sarasvatī

• न्यवेदयम् (nyavedayam) - I offered (I offered, I reported, I dedicated)

• तपताम् (tapatām) - of those who perform austerities (tapas) (of those who perform austerities, of ascetics)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• वरिष्ठाय (variṣṭhāya) - to the foremost (to the foremost, to the best, to the most excellent)

• निषण्णः (niṣaṇṇaḥ) - seated, sitting (seated, sitting, settled)

• तत्परायणः (tatparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to her (Sarasvatī) (devoted to that, intent on that, having that as the supreme resort)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial indeclinable.

Root: tad

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Nominative singular of the first person pronoun asmad.

Note: Subject of 'nyavedayam'.

अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - honorific libation (arghya) (offering, honorific libation (especially of water))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arghya

arghya - offering, honorific libation, worthy of respect

Accusative singular neuter of arghya.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'nyavedayam'.

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - formally, according to rule (according to rule, properly, formally)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial indeclinable formed with the suffix -vat.

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'nyavedayam'.

सरस्वत्यै (sarasvatyai) - to Sarasvatī

(proper noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of sarasvatī

sarasvatī - Sarasvatī (goddess of knowledge, speech, art)

Dative singular feminine of Sarasvatī.

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Recipient of the offering.

न्यवेदयम् (nyavedayam) - I offered (I offered, I reported, I dedicated)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ni-veday

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice

First person singular, active voice, imperfect tense (laṅ), of the causative stem of root vid (to know, to present) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

तपताम् (tapatām) - of those who perform austerities (tapas) (of those who perform austerities, of ascetics)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tapat

tapat - performing austerities, ascetic

Present Active Participle

Genitive plural masculine of tapat (present active participle of root tap, to heat, to perform austerities).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Governs 'variṣṭhāya'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects Sarasvatī and the foremost ascetic.

वरिष्ठाय (variṣṭhāya) - to the foremost (to the foremost, to the best, to the most excellent)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - foremost, best, most excellent

Superlative

Dative singular masculine of variṣṭha, superlative of vara or uru (excellent).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Recipient of the offering.

निषण्णः (niṣaṇṇaḥ) - seated, sitting (seated, sitting, settled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣaṇṇa

niṣaṇṇa - seated, sitting, settled

Past Passive Participle

Nominative singular masculine of niṣaṇṇa, PPP of ni-sad (to sit down).

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe the state of the subject.

तत्परायणः (tatparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to her (Sarasvatī) (devoted to that, intent on that, having that as the supreme resort)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tatparāyaṇa

tatparāyaṇa - devoted to that, intent on that, having that as the supreme resort

Compound adjective formed from 'tad' (that) and 'parāyaṇa' (supreme resort, devoted to). 'Tat' here refers to Sarasvatī.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tad+parāyaṇa)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
  Pronoun used to refer to 'her' (Sarasvatī).
• parāyaṇa – supreme goal, ultimate resort, devoted to
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Describes the state of the subject ('aham').