योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-128, verse-57

भरद्वाज उवाच ।
रामः प्राप्तः परं योगं स्वात्मनात्मनि हे मुने ।
कथं वसिष्ठदेवेन व्यवहारपरः कृतः ॥ ५७ ॥

bharadvāja uvāca ,
rāmaḥ prāptaḥ paraṃ yogaṃ svātmanātmani he mune ,
kathaṃ vasiṣṭhadevena vyavahāraparaḥ kṛtaḥ 57

57. bharadvājaḥ uvāca rāmaḥ prāptaḥ param yogam svātmanā ātmani
he mune katham vasiṣṭha-devena vyavahāra-paraḥ kṛtaḥ

57. bharadvājaḥ uvāca he mune rāmaḥ svātmanā ātmani param
yogam prāptaḥ katham vasiṣṭha-devena vyavahāra-paraḥ kṛtaḥ

57. Bharadvāja said: "O sage, Rama attained the supreme spiritual union (yoga) by his own self (ātman) within the self (ātman). How then was he made to engage in worldly activities (vyavahāra) by the revered Vasiṣṭha?"

Words meanings summery:

• भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - Bharadvaja (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (name of the hero of Ramayana)

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• योगम् (yogam) - spiritual union, discipline, method

• स्वात्मना (svātmanā) - by his own self (ātman)

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - in the self (ātman), in the soul

• हे (he) - O (vocative particle)

• मुने (mune) - O sage

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• वसिष्ठ-देवेन (vasiṣṭha-devena) - by the divine Vasiṣṭha, by the revered sage Vasiṣṭha

• व्यवहार-परः (vyavahāra-paraḥ) - devoted to worldly activities, engaged in worldly affairs

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, performed

Words meanings and morphology

भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - Bharadvaja (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharadvāja

bharadvāja - Bharadvaja (a celebrated Vedic sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense (lit), 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (name of the hero of Ramayana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated king of Ayodhya, incarnation of Viṣṇu)

Root: ram (class 1)

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - attained, obtained, reached, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Root āp with prefix pra, suffix -ta.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Often functions as a finite verb in combination with a noun in the nominative case.

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent, another

Note: Agrees with yogam.

योगम् (yogam) - spiritual union, discipline, method

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yoga

yoga - union, conjunction, application, effort, discipline, spiritual practice (yoga)

Derived from root yuj (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Object of prāptaḥ.

स्वात्मना (svātmanā) - by his own self (ātman)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svātman

svātman - one's own self, individual soul (ātman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+ātman)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun
• ātman – self, soul, essence, individual soul, Supreme Self (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agent by which the yoga is attained.

आत्मनि (ātmani) - in the self (ātman), in the soul

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, individual soul, Supreme Self (ātman)

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Location of the attainment.

हे (he) - O (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

मुने (mune) - O sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, saint

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Addressed to a sage.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

वसिष्ठ-देवेन (vasiṣṭha-devena) - by the divine Vasiṣṭha, by the revered sage Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha-deva

vasiṣṭha-deva - Vasiṣṭha (a revered sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vasiṣṭha+deva)

• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent sage), most excellent
  proper noun (masculine)
• deva – god, divine, celestial
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)

Note: Agent of the action kṛtaḥ.

व्यवहार-परः (vyavahāra-paraḥ) - devoted to worldly activities, engaged in worldly affairs

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyavahāra-para

vyavahāra-para - intent on worldly affairs, engaged in business

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyavahāra+para)

• vyavahāra – worldly activity, conduct, business, custom
  noun (masculine)
  derived from verb hṛ with vi, ava
  root hṛ (to carry) with prefixes vi, ava, nominalized with suffix -a
  Prefixes: vi+ava
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• para – intent on, devoted to, chief, next
  adjective

Note: Predicative adjective.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

Root kṛ, suffix -ta.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as a predicate participle, meaning 'was made'.