योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-128, verse-47

सोऽहमस्मि यदा ध्यायेत्तदा जीवो विमुच्यते ।
कर्तृभोक्त्त्रादिनिर्मुक्तः सर्वोपाधिविवर्जितः ॥ ४७ ॥

so'hamasmi yadā dhyāyettadā jīvo vimucyate ,
kartṛbhokttrādinirmuktaḥ sarvopādhivivarjitaḥ 47

47. saḥ aham asmi yadā dhyāyet tadā jīvaḥ vimucyate
kartṛ-bhoktṛ-ādi-nirmuktaḥ sarva-upādhi-vivarjitaḥ

47. yadā saḥ aham asmi dhyāyet tadā jīvaḥ
kartṛ-bhoktṛ-ādi-nirmuktaḥ sarva-upādhi-vivarjitaḥ vimucyate

47. When one meditates, 'I am that (ātman/Brahman)', then the individual soul (jīva) is completely liberated (mokṣa). (Such a liberated soul is) free from being a doer, an enjoyer, and similar roles, and is completely devoid of all limiting adjuncts (upādhi).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - That (referring to Brahman or the supreme Self) (that, he)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

• ध्यायेत् (dhyāyet) - when one meditates (one should meditate, may one meditate)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - living being, individual soul

• विमुच्यते (vimucyate) - is liberated, is released

• कर्तृ-भोक्तृ-आदि-निर्मुक्तः (kartṛ-bhoktṛ-ādi-nirmuktaḥ) - free from the concepts of 'doer' and 'enjoyer' (free from being a doer, enjoyer, etc.)

• सर्व-उपाधि-विवर्जितः (sarva-upādhi-vivarjitaḥ) - devoid of all limiting adjuncts (upādhi)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - That (referring to Brahman or the supreme Self) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

Root: as (class 2)

यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

(indeclinable)

ध्यायेत् (dhyāyet) - when one meditates (one should meditate, may one meditate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dhyā

Optative Mood

From root dhyai (to meditate)

Root: dhyai (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - living being, individual soul

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - living, alive, individual soul, living being

From root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

विमुच्यते (vimucyate) - is liberated, is released

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vimuc

Present Tense

From prefix vi- + root muc (to free, to release), in passive voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

कर्तृ-भोक्तृ-आदि-निर्मुक्तः (kartṛ-bhoktṛ-ādi-nirmuktaḥ) - free from the concepts of 'doer' and 'enjoyer' (free from being a doer, enjoyer, etc.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ-bhoktṛ-ādi-nirmukta

kartṛ-bhoktṛ-ādi-nirmukta - freed from the states of doer, enjoyer, and so forth

Compound: kartṛ-bhoktṛ-ādi (doer, enjoyer, etc.) + nirmukta (freed from).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kartṛ+bhoktṛ+ādi+nirmukta)

• kartṛ – doer, agent
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root kṛ (to do) + suffix tṛ. Represents the concept of 'doership'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• bhoktṛ – enjoyer, experiencer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root bhuj (to enjoy, to eat) + suffix tṛ. Represents the concept of 'enjoyership'.
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so on
  indeclinable
• nirmukta – freed from, released, abandoned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix nir- + root muc (to free, to release).
  Prefix: nir
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Describes the state of the liberated jīva.

सर्व-उपाधि-विवर्जितः (sarva-upādhi-vivarjitaḥ) - devoid of all limiting adjuncts (upādhi)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva-upādhi-vivarjita

sarva-upādhi-vivarjita - devoid of all limiting adjuncts

Compound: sarva (all) + upādhi (limiting adjunct) + vivarjita (devoid of). Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+upādhi+vivarjita)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• upādhi – limiting adjunct, superimposition, attribute
  noun (masculine)
  From upa-ā-dhā (to place near).
  Prefixes: upa+ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• vivarjita – devoid of, free from, abandoned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix vi- + root vṛj (to avoid, to forsake).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛj (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of the liberated jīva.

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