योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-128, verse-49

यदा पश्यत्यभेदेन तदा जीवो विमुच्यते ।
जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्ताख्यं हित्वा स्थानत्रयं यदा ॥ ४९ ॥

yadā paśyatyabhedena tadā jīvo vimucyate ,
jāgratsvapnasuṣuptākhyaṃ hitvā sthānatrayaṃ yadā 49

49. yadā paśyati abhedena tadā jīvaḥ vimucyate
jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptākhyam hitvā sthānatrayam yadā

49. yadā abhedena paśyati tadā jīvaḥ vimucyate yadā
jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptākhyam sthānatrayam hitvā

49. When one sees as non-different, then the individual soul is liberated. And when one has abandoned the three states known as waking, dreaming, and deep sleep...

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

• पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, beholds

• अभेदेन (abhedena) - as non-different, without distinction

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul, the living being

• विमुच्यते (vimucyate) - is liberated, is set free

• जाग्रत्-स्वप्न-सुषुप्ताख्यम् (jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptākhyam) - named waking, dreaming, and deep sleep

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having given up

• स्थानत्रयम् (sthānatrayam) - the group of three states/places

• यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

(indeclinable)

पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, beholds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of paśyati

Present Active

Root 'dṛś' (to see), conjugated as 'paśya' in present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (Parasmaipada, Laṭ).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अभेदेन (abhedena) - as non-different, without distinction

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abheda

abheda - non-difference, identity, absence of distinction

Negative compound of 'a' (not) and 'bheda' (difference, distinction).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+bheda)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• bheda – difference, distinction, division
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhid' (to break, divide).
  Root: bhid (class 7)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul, the living being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - life, living, soul, individual soul, living being

From root 'jīv' (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

विमुच्यते (vimucyate) - is liberated, is set free

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vimucyate

Present Passive

Root 'muc' (class 6) with prefix 'vi', in the passive voice, 3rd person singular, present tense (Laṭ).

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

जाग्रत्-स्वप्न-सुषुप्ताख्यम् (jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptākhyam) - named waking, dreaming, and deep sleep

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptākhya

jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptākhya - called or known as waking, dreaming, and deep sleep

Compound describing the three states: 'jāgrat' (waking), 'svapna' (dream), 'suṣupta' (deep sleep), followed by 'ākhya' (named/called).

Compound type : tatpurusha / bahuvrihi (jāgrat+svapna+suṣupta+ākhya)

• jāgrat – waking, awake
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from the root 'jāgṛ' (to wake).
  Root: jāgṛ (class 2)
• svapna – dream, sleep
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'svap' (to sleep).
  Root: svap (class 2)
• suṣupta – deep sleep, fast asleep
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'sup' (to sleep) with prefix 'su'.
  Prefix: su
  Root: sup (class 2)
• ākhya – named, called, designated
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive/Participle
  Derived from the root 'khyā' (to tell, to name) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: khyā (class 2)

हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root 'hā' (to abandon).

Root: hā (class 3)

स्थानत्रयम् (sthānatrayam) - the group of three states/places

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthānatraya

sthānatraya - the triad of states, the three conditions (waking, dreaming, deep sleep)

Compound of 'sthāna' (state, condition, place) and 'traya' (a triad, group of three).

Compound type : dvigu (sthāna+traya)

• sthāna – state, condition, place, position
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• traya – a triad, group of three
  noun (neuter)
  From 'tri' (three).

यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

(indeclinable)