योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-13, verse-107

मौर्ख्यं यदापदान्विष्टः का हि नापदजानतः ।
पश्य मौर्ख्यादियं सृष्टिरज्ञानेनैव जन्यते ॥ १०७ ॥

maurkhyaṃ yadāpadānviṣṭaḥ kā hi nāpadajānataḥ ,
paśya maurkhyādiyaṃ sṛṣṭirajñānenaiva janyate 107

107. maurkham yadā āpadā anviṣṭaḥ kā hi na āpadajānataḥ
paśya maurkkhyāt iyam sṛṣṭiḥ ajñānena eva janyate

107. yadā āpadā anviṣṭaḥ (tat) maurkham (asti).
hi kā na āpadajānataḥ (bhavati)? paśya! iyam sṛṣṭiḥ maurkkhyāt ajñānena eva janyate.

107. When one is pursued by misfortune (āpad), it is folly (maurkham). For what indeed is not a consequence for one ignorant of misfortune? Behold, this creation (sṛṣṭi) is generated only by folly and ignorance.

Words meanings summery:

• मौर्खम् (maurkham) - folly (folly, stupidity, foolishness, ignorance)

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• आपदा (āpadā) - by misfortune (by misfortune, by calamity, by distress)

• अन्विष्टः (anviṣṭaḥ) - pursued (pursued, sought, searched for, investigated)

• का (kā) - what (as in, what thing/problem) (what, who (feminine))

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because, certainly)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आपदजानतः (āpadajānataḥ) - of one ignorant of misfortune (of one who does not know misfortune, of one ignorant of misfortune)

• पश्य (paśya) - behold (behold, see, observe)

• मौर्क्ख्यात् (maurkkhyāt) - from folly (from folly, due to folly)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (this (feminine))

• सृष्टिः (sṛṣṭiḥ) - creation (creation, emanation, production, nature)

• अज्ञानेन (ajñānena) - by ignorance (by ignorance, through ignorance)

• एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• जन्यते (janyate) - is generated/produced (is generated, is born, is produced)

Words meanings and morphology

मौर्खम् (maurkham) - folly (folly, stupidity, foolishness, ignorance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maurkham

maurkham - folly, stupidity, foolishness, ignorance

derived from mūrkha (foolish person) + suffix -ya (state of being)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter, but nominative fits better as a predicate nominative here.

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

आपदा (āpadā) - by misfortune (by misfortune, by calamity, by distress)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - misfortune, calamity, distress

अन्विष्टः (anviṣṭaḥ) - pursued (pursued, sought, searched for, investigated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anviṣṭa

anviṣṭa - pursued, sought, searched for, investigated

Past Passive Participle

from anu (prefix) + iṣ (to seek, desire) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Prefix: anu

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to an implied masculine subject, 'one' or 'a person'.

का (kā) - what (as in, what thing/problem) (what, who (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun, feminine singular nominative, likely referring to an implicit feminine noun like 'difficulty' or 'state'.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle emphasizing or indicating cause.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

आपदजानतः (āpadajānataḥ) - of one ignorant of misfortune (of one who does not know misfortune, of one ignorant of misfortune)

(adjective)

Genitive, singular of āpadajānāt

āpadajān - one ignorant of misfortune

Compound formed from āpad (misfortune) and ajān (one not knowing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āpad+ajānat)

• āpad – misfortune, calamity, distress
  noun (feminine)
• ajānat – not knowing, ignorant
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  from a- (negation) + jñā (to know) + śatṛ (present active participle suffix)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Genitive singular form of a present active participle used substantively, within a compound.

पश्य (paśya) - behold (behold, see, observe)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (lot) of paśya

Imperative Mood

Present stem paśya

Root: dṛś (class 1)

मौर्क्ख्यात् (maurkkhyāt) - from folly (from folly, due to folly)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of maurkham

maurkham - folly, stupidity, foolishness, ignorance

derived from mūrkha (foolish person) + suffix ya (state of being)

इयम् (iyam) - this (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, refers to 'sṛṣṭiḥ'.

सृष्टिः (sṛṣṭiḥ) - creation (creation, emanation, production, nature)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sṛṣṭi

sṛṣṭi - creation, emanation, production, nature

from root sṛj (to create, emit) + suffix kti

Root: sṛj (class 6)

अज्ञानेन (ajñānena) - by ignorance (by ignorance, through ignorance)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience

a- (negation) + jñāna (knowledge)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

जन्यते (janyate) - is generated/produced (is generated, is born, is produced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of jan

Present Tense

ya suffix in passive voice

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The subject 'iyam sṛṣṭiḥ' is feminine singular nominative.