योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-13, verse-30

धावमानमधोभागे चित्तं प्रत्याहरेद्बलात् ।
प्रत्याहारेण पतितमधो वारीव सेतुना ॥ ३० ॥

dhāvamānamadhobhāge cittaṃ pratyāharedbalāt ,
pratyāhāreṇa patitamadho vārīva setunā 30

30. dhāvamānam adhobhāge cittam pratyāharet balāt
| pratyāhāreṇa patitam adhas vāri iva setunā

30. adhobhāge dhāvamānam cittam balāt pratyāharet
pratyāhāreṇa adhas patitam vāri setunā iva

30. One should forcibly withdraw the mind (citta) that is running downwards. Through this practice of withdrawal (pratyāhāra), it is like water that has fallen downwards being held back by a dam.

Words meanings summery:

• धावमानम् (dhāvamānam) - the mind that is tending downwards or astray (running, flowing, moving quickly)

• अधोभागे (adhobhāge) - tending towards lower, worldly desires or distractions (in the lower part, downwards)

• चित्तम् (cittam) - the individual mind (mind, consciousness, thought)

• प्रत्याहरेत् (pratyāharet) - one should restrain the mind (one should withdraw, should pull back, should restrain)

• बलात् (balāt) - through disciplined effort (by force, forcibly, with strength)

• प्रत्याहारेण (pratyāhāreṇa) - through the yogic practice of withdrawal (pratyāhāra) (by withdrawal, by sense-withdrawal)

• पतितम् (patitam) - that which has already fallen downwards (like water) (fallen, descended, gone down)

• अधस् (adhas) - in a downward direction or state (downwards, below, underneath)

• वारि (vāri) - water as an analogy for the mind (water)

• इव (iva) - comparison marker (like, as, as if)

• सेतुना (setunā) - by a controlling structure (by a dam, by an embankment, by a bridge)

Words meanings and morphology

धावमानम् (dhāvamānam) - the mind that is tending downwards or astray (running, flowing, moving quickly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhāvamāna

dhāvamāna - running, flowing, moving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `dhāv` (to run) + `śānac` suffix.

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Modifies `cittam`.

अधोभागे (adhobhāge) - tending towards lower, worldly desires or distractions (in the lower part, downwards)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of adhobhāga

adhobhāga - lower part, inferior region

Compound type : tatpurusha (adhas+bhāga)

• adhas – down, below, lower
  indeclinable
• bhāga – part, portion, share
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

चित्तम् (cittam) - the individual mind (mind, consciousness, thought)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, thought, consciousness

Past Passive Participle (also used as a noun)

From root `cit` (to perceive/know) + `kta` suffix.

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Object of `pratyāharet`.

प्रत्याहरेत् (pratyāharet) - one should restrain the mind (one should withdraw, should pull back, should restrain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pratyāhṛ

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

From `prati-ā-hṛ`.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is 'one' (a yogi, practitioner).

बलात् (balāt) - through disciplined effort (by force, forcibly, with strength)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force

Note: Used adverbially.

प्रत्याहारेण (pratyāhāreṇa) - through the yogic practice of withdrawal (pratyāhāra) (by withdrawal, by sense-withdrawal)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pratyāhāra

pratyāhāra - withdrawal of senses from their objects, restraint

From `prati-ā-hṛ` + `ghañ` suffix.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

पतितम् (patitam) - that which has already fallen downwards (like water) (fallen, descended, gone down)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, dropped

Past Passive Participle

From root `pat` + `kta` suffix.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies `vāri`.

अधस् (adhas) - in a downward direction or state (downwards, below, underneath)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

वारि (vāri) - water as an analogy for the mind (water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vāri

vāri - water

Note: Nominative or accusative form; here, accusative as the object of comparison.

इव (iva) - comparison marker (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

सेतुना (setunā) - by a controlling structure (by a dam, by an embankment, by a bridge)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of setu

setu - bridge, dam, embankment, barrier

Root: si (class 5)