योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-13, verse-104

विद्यमानोऽपि यः शूरो लोकस्तेनाभिभूयते ।
अविद्यमानमेवेदं हन्यते मुग्धतोदिता ॥ १०४ ॥

vidyamāno'pi yaḥ śūro lokastenābhibhūyate ,
avidyamānamevedaṃ hanyate mugdhatoditā 104

104. vidyamānaḥ api yaḥ śūraḥ lokaḥ tena abhibhūyate
avidyamānam eva idam hanyate mugdhatā uditā

104. yaḥ śūraḥ vidyamānaḥ api lokaḥ tena abhibhūyate.
idam avidyamānam eva mugdhatā uditā hanyate

104. Even a hero, though present, overpowers people. Yet, this very non-existent thing, 'arisen foolishness' (mugdhatā uditā), is itself destroyed.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्यमानः (vidyamānaḥ) - present (existing, present, being)

• अपि (api) - though, even (even, also, though)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - a hero (brave, heroic, a hero)

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - people (world, people, mankind)

• तेन (tena) - by him (the hero) (by him, by that)

• अभिभूयते (abhibhūyate) - is overpowered (is overpowered, is suppressed, is dominated)

• अविद्यमानम् (avidyamānam) - non-existent (non-existent, not present, absent)

• एव (eva) - itself, indeed (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, this thing)

• हन्यते (hanyate) - is destroyed (is killed, is struck down, is destroyed)

• मुग्धता (mugdhatā) - foolishness (foolishness, simplicity, charm)

• उदिता (uditā) - arisen, manifested (spoken, uttered, arisen, manifest)

Words meanings and morphology

विद्यमानः (vidyamānaḥ) - present (existing, present, being)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidyamāna

vidyamāna - existing, present, being

Present Participle

Derived from root vid (to be, to exist) + śānac suffix.

Root: vid (class 2)

अपि (api) - though, even (even, also, though)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun.

शूरः (śūraḥ) - a hero (brave, heroic, a hero)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, valorous, hero, warrior

लोकः (lokaḥ) - people (world, people, mankind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, mankind, region

तेन (tena) - by him (the hero) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agent of the passive verb abhibhūyate.

अभिभूयते (abhibhūyate) - is overpowered (is overpowered, is suppressed, is dominated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Passive Indicative

Root bhū with prefix abhi, passive voice.

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhū (class 1)

अविद्यमानम् (avidyamānam) - non-existent (non-existent, not present, absent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avidyamāna

avidyamāna - not existing, non-existent, absent

Present Participle (ātmanepada, negated)

From root vid + śānac with negating prefix a.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vidyamāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negating prefix.
• vidyamāna – existing, present, being
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Participle (ātmanepada)
  Derived from root vid (to be, to exist) + śānac suffix.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Functions as an adjective for idam.

एव (eva) - itself, indeed (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (this, this thing)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

हन्यते (hanyate) - is destroyed (is killed, is struck down, is destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of han

Present Passive Indicative

Root han, passive voice.

Root: han (class 2)

मुग्धता (mugdhatā) - foolishness (foolishness, simplicity, charm)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mugdhatā

mugdhatā - foolishness, simplicity, artlessness, charm

Derived from mugdha (foolish, charming) + tā (abstract noun suffix).

उदिता (uditā) - arisen, manifested (spoken, uttered, arisen, manifest)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of udita

udita - spoken, uttered, arisen, manifested, elevated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vad (to speak) with prefix ud. Or from root i (to go) with ud. Here 'arisen' is implied.

Prefix: ud

Root: vad (class 1)