मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-21, verse-95
यः पिता समुपात्तानि धनवीर्ययशांसि वै ।
न्यूनतां नयति प्राज्ञास्तमाहुः पुरुषाधमम् ॥९५॥
न्यूनतां नयति प्राज्ञास्तमाहुः पुरुषाधमम् ॥९५॥
95. yaḥ pitā samupāttāni dhanavīryayaśāṃsi vai .
nyūnatāṃ nayati prājñāstamāhuḥ puruṣādhamam.
nyūnatāṃ nayati prājñāstamāhuḥ puruṣādhamam.
95.
yaḥ pitā samupāttāni dhana-vīrya-yaśāṃsi vai
nyūnatām nayati prājñāḥ tam āhuḥ puruṣa-adhamam
nyūnatām nayati prājñāḥ tam āhuḥ puruṣa-adhamam
95.
The wise call him the lowest of men who diminishes the wealth, valor, and fame that his father had acquired.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यः (yaḥ) - who (refers to the son, implied subject of nayati) (who, whichever)
- पिता (pitā) - father (as possessor of the accumulated things) (father)
- समुपात्तानि (samupāttāni) - acquired (acquired, gained, obtained (well acquired))
- धन-वीर्य-यशांसि (dhana-vīrya-yaśāṁsi) - wealth, valor, and fame
- वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)
- न्यूनताम् (nyūnatām) - diminution (diminution, deficiency, inferiority)
- नयति (nayati) - diminishes, reduces (in context of nyūnatām nayati) (leads, brings, causes, reduces)
- प्राज्ञाः (prājñāḥ) - the wise (ones) (the wise, intelligent ones)
- तम् (tam) - him (him, that)
- आहुः (āhuḥ) - call (they say, they call, they declare)
- पुरुष-अधमम् (puruṣa-adhamam) - the lowest of men (lowest of men, ignoble man)
Words meanings and morphology
यः (yaḥ) - who (refers to the son, implied subject of nayati) (who, whichever)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
Note: Subject of 'nayati'.
पिता (pitā) - father (as possessor of the accumulated things) (father)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
Note: Functions as a possessor for the acquired things.
समुपात्तानि (samupāttāni) - acquired (acquired, gained, obtained (well acquired))
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, plural of samupātta
samupātta - acquired, obtained, collected
Past Passive Participle
From sam-upa-ā-dā (to take, to obtain). Root dā, prefixes sam, upa, ā.
Prefixes: sam+upa+ā
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies 'dhana-vīrya-yaśāṃsi'.
धन-वीर्य-यशांसि (dhana-vīrya-yaśāṁsi) - wealth, valor, and fame
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of dhana-vīrya-yaśas
dhana-vīrya-yaśas - wealth, valor, and fame
Compound type : dvandva (dhana+vīrya+yaśas)
- dhana – wealth, riches, money
noun (neuter)
From root dhā (to place, hold)
Root: dhā (class 3) - vīrya – valor, strength, energy, prowess
noun (neuter)
From root vīr
Root: vīr - yaśas – fame, glory, honor
noun (neuter)
Note: Object of 'nayati'.
वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)
(indeclinable)
Particle
न्यूनताम् (nyūnatām) - diminution (diminution, deficiency, inferiority)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of nyūnatā
nyūnatā - diminution, deficiency, inferiority, lacking
Formed from nyūna + suffix tā.
Note: Object of 'nayati', forming the idiom 'nyūnatām nayati' (to bring to diminution, to diminish).
नयति (nayati) - diminishes, reduces (in context of nyūnatām nayati) (leads, brings, causes, reduces)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of nī
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: Subject is the implied 'son' (yaḥ).
प्राज्ञाः (prājñāḥ) - the wise (ones) (the wise, intelligent ones)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of prājña
prājña - wise, intelligent, learned
From pra- + jñā (to know)
Prefix: pra
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Subject of 'āhuḥ'.
तम् (tam) - him (him, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, him, it
आहुः (āhuḥ) - call (they say, they call, they declare)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (liṭ) of vac
Irregular perfect tense form (Lit). Also treated as present form from the root vac/brū.
Root: vac (class 2)
पुरुष-अधमम् (puruṣa-adhamam) - the lowest of men (lowest of men, ignoble man)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa-adhama
puruṣa-adhama - lowest of men, ignoble person
Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+adhama)
- puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
noun (masculine)
Root: pṛ - adhama – lowest, worst, mean, base
adjective
Note: Predicative accusative with 'āhuḥ'.