मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-21, verse-21
उत्तस्थौ च महाभागा चित्तक्षोभमवाप्य सा ।
लज्जाविस्मयदैन्यानां सद्यस्तन्वी वशं गता ॥२१॥
लज्जाविस्मयदैन्यानां सद्यस्तन्वी वशं गता ॥२१॥
21. uttasthau ca mahābhāgā cittakṣobhamavāpya sā .
lajjāvismayadainyānāṃ sadyastanvī vaśaṃ gatā.
lajjāvismayadainyānāṃ sadyastanvī vaśaṃ gatā.
21.
uttasthau ca mahābhāgā cittakṣobham avāpya sā
lajjā-vismaya-dainyānām sadyaḥ tanvī vaśam gatā
lajjā-vismaya-dainyānām sadyaḥ tanvī vaśam gatā
21.
And she, the noble lady, having experienced agitation of mind, immediately stood up. The slender-limbed woman instantly fell under the sway of shame, astonishment, and helplessness.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उत्तस्थौ (uttasthau) - stood up, rose
- च (ca) - and, also
- महाभागा (mahābhāgā) - greatly fortunate, noble, distinguished lady
- चित्तक्षोभम् (cittakṣobham) - agitation of mind, mental disturbance
- अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having experienced
- सा (sā) - she, that
- लज्जाविस्मयदैन्यानाम् (lajjāvismayadainyānām) - of shame, astonishment, and helplessness
- सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once
- तन्वी (tanvī) - slender-limbed, delicate woman
- वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway
- गता (gatā) - gone, reached, fallen into
Words meanings and morphology
उत्तस्थौ (uttasthau) - stood up, rose
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, Perfect Past (lit) of utthā
Compound verb ut + sthā.
Prefix: ut
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: The 'au' ending is characteristic of the perfect tense third person singular active for some roots.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
महाभागा (mahābhāgā) - greatly fortunate, noble, distinguished lady
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mahābhāgā
mahābhāgā - greatly fortunate, noble, distinguished lady
Feminine form of mahābhāga.
Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+bhāga)
- mahā – great, large, powerful
adjective
From mahat. - bhāga – share, fortune, luck
noun (masculine)
From root bhaj- ('to divide, share').
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Refers to the woman.
चित्तक्षोभम् (cittakṣobham) - agitation of mind, mental disturbance
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of cittakṣobha
cittakṣobha - agitation of mind, mental disturbance
Compound type : Tatpurusha (citta+kṣobha)
- citta – mind, thought, consciousness
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root cit- ('to perceive, think').
Root: cit (class 1) - kṣobha – agitation, disturbance, tremor
noun (masculine)
Derived from root kṣubh- ('to tremble, be agitated').
Root: kṣubh (class 4)
Note: Object of 'avāpya'.
अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having experienced
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Compound verb ava + āp, with suffix -ya (after upasarga).
Prefixes: ava+ā
Root: āp (class 5)
सा (sā) - she, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it
Note: Subject for 'uttasthau' and 'gatā'.
लज्जाविस्मयदैन्यानाम् (lajjāvismayadainyānām) - of shame, astonishment, and helplessness
(noun)
Genitive, plural of lajjāvismayadainya
lajjāvismayadainya - shame, astonishment, helplessness
Dvandva compound.
Compound type : Dvandva (lajjā+vismaya+dainya)
- lajjā – shame, modesty
noun (feminine)
From root lajj- ('to be ashamed').
Root: lajj (class 1) - vismaya – astonishment, wonder
noun (masculine)
From root smi- ('to smile') with prefix vi-.
Prefix: vi
Root: smi (class 1) - dainya – helplessness, wretchedness, misery
noun (neuter)
From dīna ('poor, wretched') with suffix -ya.
Note: Governed by 'vaśam gatā'.
सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once
(indeclinable)
Adverb.
तन्वी (tanvī) - slender-limbed, delicate woman
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tanvī
tanvī - slender-limbed woman, delicate woman
Feminine form of tanu (slender, delicate).
Root: tan (class 8)
Note: Refers to the woman, in apposition with 'sā'.
वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa
vaśa - control, power, will, authority
Root: vaś
Note: Used with 'gatā' to mean "fell under the sway".
गता (gatā) - gone, reached, fallen into
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of gata
gata - gone, reached, attained, obtained
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root gam- ('to go') with suffix -ta.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: The entire phrase 'vaśam gatā' acts as a predicate.