मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-21, verse-44
त्वन्तु को वा किमर्थं वा सम्प्राप्तोऽत्र महामते ।
देवो दैत्यो नु गन्धर्वः पन्नगः किन्नरोऽपि वा ॥४४॥
देवो दैत्यो नु गन्धर्वः पन्नगः किन्नरोऽपि वा ॥४४॥
44. tvantu ko vā kimarthaṃ vā samprāpto'tra mahāmate .
devo daityo nu gandharvaḥ pannagaḥ kinnaro'pi vā.
devo daityo nu gandharvaḥ pannagaḥ kinnaro'pi vā.
44.
tvam tu kaḥ vā kimartham vā samprāptaḥ atra mahāmate
devaḥ daityaḥ nu gandharvaḥ pannagaḥ kinnaraḥ api vā
devaḥ daityaḥ nu gandharvaḥ pannagaḥ kinnaraḥ api vā
44.
But you, O great-minded one, who are you and for what purpose have you come here? Are you a god, a demon, a gandharva, a serpent-being (pannaga), or even a kinnara?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्वम् (tvam) - you
- तु (tu) - but (introducing a question) (but, indeed, however, and)
- कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose (for what purpose, why)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - arrived (arrived, reached, obtained)
- अत्र (atra) - here, in this place
- महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one, O intelligent one
- देवः (devaḥ) - a god (god, deity, divine being)
- दैत्यः (daityaḥ) - a demon (demon, son of Diti)
- नु (nu) - indeed, or an interrogative particle (indeed, now, then, pray)
- गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - a gandharva (gandharva (celestial musician))
- पन्नगः (pannagaḥ) - a serpent-being (pannaga) (serpent, nāga)
- किन्नरः (kinnaraḥ) - a kinnara (kinnara (mythical creature, half-human, half-horse/bird))
- अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the last option) (also, even, too)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
Words meanings and morphology
त्वम् (tvam) - you
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of tvam
tvam - you, yourself
Note: Subject.
तु (tu) - but (introducing a question) (but, indeed, however, and)
(indeclinable)
कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)
(interrogative pronoun)
Note: Interrogative pronoun asking 'who'.
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose (for what purpose, why)
(indeclinable)
Compound of 'kim' (what) and 'artham' (purpose/for the sake of).
Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+artham)
- kim – what, which
interrogative pronoun (neuter) - artham – purpose, meaning, for the sake of
noun (neuter)
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - arrived (arrived, reached, obtained)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of samprāpta
samprāpta - arrived, reached, obtained, met
Past Passive Participle
Formed from prefixes sam-, pra-, and root āp (to obtain, reach).
Prefixes: sam+pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Adjectivally used p.p.p., refers to 'tvam'.
अत्र (atra) - here, in this place
(indeclinable)
महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one, O intelligent one
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat
mahāmat - great-minded, highly intelligent
Bahuvrīhi compound, 'one with great intellect'.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective - mati – mind, intellect, thought
noun (feminine)
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Addressing the interlocutor.
देवः (devaḥ) - a god (god, deity, divine being)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of deva
deva - god, deity, divine being
Root: div (class 4)
Note: Part of a series of interrogative options.
दैत्यः (daityaḥ) - a demon (demon, son of Diti)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daitya
daitya - demon, son of Diti
Patronymic derivation from Diti.
Note: Part of a series of interrogative options.
नु (nu) - indeed, or an interrogative particle (indeed, now, then, pray)
(indeclinable)
गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - a gandharva (gandharva (celestial musician))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gandharva
gandharva - a celestial musician, a class of demigods
Note: Part of a series of interrogative options.
पन्नगः (pannagaḥ) - a serpent-being (pannaga) (serpent, nāga)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pannaga
pannaga - serpent, reptile, nāga (literally 'moving on its feet', i.e., without feet)
Tatpuruṣa or aluk-tatpuruṣa compound: 'pani' (feet/path) + 'ga' (goer).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pad+ga)
- pad – foot
noun (masculine) - ga – going, moving
adjective
Derived from root gam (to go) + suffix ḍa.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Part of a series of interrogative options.
किन्नरः (kinnaraḥ) - a kinnara (kinnara (mythical creature, half-human, half-horse/bird))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kinnara
kinnara - a mythical being, often depicted as a horse with a human head, or a human with a horse's head, or bird-like
Compound 'kim' (what kind of?) + 'nara' (man).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+nara)
- kim – what, what kind of
interrogative pronoun (neuter) - nara – man, human being
noun (masculine)
Root: nṛ (class 1)
Note: Part of a series of interrogative options.
अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the last option) (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)