मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-21, verse-11
ततो नादृश्यत मृगः स तस्मिन् राजसूनुना ।
प्रकाशञ्च स पातालमपश्यत् तत्र नापि नम् ॥११॥
प्रकाशञ्च स पातालमपश्यत् तत्र नापि नम् ॥११॥
11. tato nādṛśyata mṛgaḥ sa tasmin rājasūnunā .
prakāśañca sa pātālamapaśyat tatra nāpi nam.
prakāśañca sa pātālamapaśyat tatra nāpi nam.
11.
tataḥ na adṛśyata mṛgaḥ saḥ tasmin rājasūnunā
prakāśam ca saḥ pātālam apaśyat tatra na api nam
prakāśam ca saḥ pātālam apaśyat tatra na api nam
11.
Then, the king's son could no longer see that deer in the pit. He saw the netherworld (pātāla) there, and not even a trace of light.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that
- न (na) - not, no
- अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - was seen, appeared
- मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - deer, animal, wild beast
- सः (saḥ) - that (one), he
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, in him
- राजसूनुना (rājasūnunā) - by the king's son
- प्रकाशम् (prakāśam) - light, radiance, brightness
- च (ca) - and, also
- सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)
- पातालम् (pātālam) - the netherworld, subterranean region
- अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw, beheld
- तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place
- न (na) - not
- अपि (api) - even, also
- नम् (nam) - Emphasizing the negation 'not even light', or possibly a textual error. (not, indeed)
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that
(indeclinable)
From tad (that) + -tas (ablative suffix)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation particle.
अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - was seen, appeared
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛśya
Imperfect Passive
From root dṛś (to see) in the imperfect passive (laṅ), 3rd person singular; initial 'a' is augment for past tense.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - deer, animal, wild beast
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛga
mṛga - deer, animal, wild beast
Note: Subject of the passive verb 'adṛśyata'.
सः (saḥ) - that (one), he
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that
Note: Refers to the deer.
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, in him
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that
Note: Refers to the 'mahāgarta' (great pit) from the previous verse.
राजसूनुना (rājasūnunā) - by the king's son
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājasūnu
rājasūnu - king's son, prince
Compound of rājan (king) + sūnu (son)
Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+sūnu)
- rājan – king, ruler
noun (masculine)
Root: rāj (class 1) - sūnu – son, offspring
noun (masculine)
From root sū (to bring forth)
Root: sū (class 2)
Note: Agent of the passive verb 'adṛśyata'.
प्रकाशम् (prakāśam) - light, radiance, brightness
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of prakāśa
prakāśa - light, radiance, manifestation
From pra (forth) + root kāś (to shine)
Prefix: pra
Root: kāś (class 1)
Note: Direct object of 'apaśyat' in combination with the negative 'na api nam'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that
Note: Refers to the king's son.
पातालम् (pātālam) - the netherworld, subterranean region
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pātāla
pātāla - netherworld, subterranean region, hell
Note: Object of 'apaśyat'.
अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw, beheld
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paśy
Imperfect Active
From root dṛś (to see), using the paśya stem in present/imperfect. 3rd person singular imperfect active (laṅ); initial 'a' is augment for past tense.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place
(indeclinable)
From tad (that) + -tra (locative suffix)
Note: Adverb of place, referring to the pit/netherworld.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation particle.
अपि (api) - even, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Combines with 'na' to form 'not even'.
नम् (nam) - Emphasizing the negation 'not even light', or possibly a textual error. (not, indeed)
(indeclinable)
Often listed as an indeclinable particle. In some contexts, it can simply emphasize a preceding word or idea.