मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-9
क्षत्रियात्शूद्रकन्यायां क्रूराचारविहारवान ।
क्षत्रशूद्रवपुर्जन्तुरुग्रो नाम प्रजायते ॥९॥
क्षत्रशूद्रवपुर्जन्तुरुग्रो नाम प्रजायते ॥९॥
9. kṣatriyātśūdrakanyāyāṁ krūrācāravihāravān ,
kṣatraśūdravapurjanturugro nāma prajāyate.
kṣatraśūdravapurjanturugro nāma prajāyate.
9.
kṣatriyāt śūdrakanyāyām krūrācāravihāravān
kṣatraśūdravapuḥ jantuḥ ugraḥ nāma prajāyate
kṣatraśūdravapuḥ jantuḥ ugraḥ nāma prajāyate
9.
kṣatriyāt śūdrakanyāyām krūrācāravihāravān
kṣatraśūdravapuḥ ugraḥ nāma jantuḥ prajāyate
kṣatraśūdravapuḥ ugraḥ nāma jantuḥ prajāyate
9.
From a kṣatriya, in a śūdra maiden, a being with cruel conduct and behavior, having the form/nature of a kṣatriya and a śūdra, named Ugra, is born.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- क्षत्रियात् (kṣatriyāt) - from a Kṣatriya
- शूद्रकन्यायाम् (śūdrakanyāyām) - in a Śūdra maiden, in a Śūdra daughter
- क्रूराचारविहारवान् (krūrācāravihāravān) - having cruel conduct and behavior, ferocious in customs and actions
- क्षत्रशूद्रवपुः (kṣatraśūdravapuḥ) - having the body/nature of a Kṣatriya and a Śūdra
- जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - (a) being (offspring) (creature, being, man, animal)
- उग्रः (ugraḥ) - named Ugra (a specific mixed caste) (Ugra (name of a mixed caste); fierce, terrible, mighty)
- नाम (nāma) - by name, named
- प्रजायते (prajāyate) - is born, comes into being, originates
Words meanings and morphology
क्षत्रियात् (kṣatriyāt) - from a Kṣatriya
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - a member of the warrior/ruling class, Kṣatriya
Note: Indicates the father.
शूद्रकन्यायाम् (śūdrakanyāyām) - in a Śūdra maiden, in a Śūdra daughter
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of śūdrakanyā
śūdrakanyā - a Śūdra maiden/daughter
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūdra+kanyā)
- śūdra – a member of the lowest social class, Śūdra
noun (masculine) - kanyā – maiden, girl, daughter
noun (feminine)
Note: Indicates the mother.
क्रूराचारविहारवान् (krūrācāravihāravān) - having cruel conduct and behavior, ferocious in customs and actions
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of krūrācāravihāravat
krūrācāravihāravat - having cruel conduct and behavior
Possessive adjective formed with -vat suffix.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (krūra+ācāra+vihāra)
- krūra – cruel, fierce, harsh
adjective (masculine) - ācāra – conduct, custom, practice
noun (masculine)
From root car- with upasarga ā-
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1) - vihāra – behavior, activity, recreation
noun (masculine)
From root hṛ- with upasarga vi-
Prefix: vi
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'jantuḥ'.
क्षत्रशूद्रवपुः (kṣatraśūdravapuḥ) - having the body/nature of a Kṣatriya and a Śūdra
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatraśūdravapus
kṣatraśūdravapus - having the form/nature of a Kṣatriya and a Śūdra
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣatra+śūdra+vapus)
- kṣatra – Kṣatriya, warrior class
noun (neuter) - śūdra – Śūdra, lowest social class
noun (masculine) - vapus – body, form, nature, essence
noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with 'jantuḥ'.
जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - (a) being (offspring) (creature, being, man, animal)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu
jantu - creature, being, man, animal
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of the sentence.
उग्रः (ugraḥ) - named Ugra (a specific mixed caste) (Ugra (name of a mixed caste); fierce, terrible, mighty)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ugra
ugra - fierce, terrible, mighty; name of a mixed caste (son of a Kṣatriya and a Śūdra woman)
Note: Predicate nominative for 'jantuḥ'.
नाम (nāma) - by name, named
(indeclinable)
Used here as an indeclinable particle.
Note: Emphasizes the name.
प्रजायते (prajāyate) - is born, comes into being, originates
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prajan
Present tense, 3rd person singular
Ātmanepada, from root jan- with upasarga pra-
Prefix: pra
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Indicates the birth.