मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-51
चण्डालश्वपचानां तु बहिर्ग्रामात प्रतिश्रयः ।
अपपात्राश्च कर्तव्या धनमेषां श्वगर्दभम ॥५१॥
अपपात्राश्च कर्तव्या धनमेषां श्वगर्दभम ॥५१॥
51. caṇḍālaśvapacānāṁ tu bahirgrāmāt pratiśrayaḥ ,
apapātrāśca kartavyā dhanameṣāṁ śvagardabham.
apapātrāśca kartavyā dhanameṣāṁ śvagardabham.
51.
caṇḍālaśvapacānām tu bahiḥ grāmāt pratiśrayaḥ
apapātrāḥ ca kartavyāḥ dhanam eṣām śvagardabham
apapātrāḥ ca kartavyāḥ dhanam eṣām śvagardabham
51.
caṇḍālaśvapacānām tu pratiśrayaḥ grāmāt bahiḥ
apapātrāḥ ca kartavyāḥ eṣām dhanam śvagardabham
apapātrāḥ ca kartavyāḥ eṣām dhanam śvagardabham
51.
However, the dwelling place for caṇḍālas and śvapacas (dog-eaters) should be outside the village. They must be [regarded as] those whose vessels are discarded, and their possessions should be dogs and donkeys.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- चण्डालश्वपचानाम् (caṇḍālaśvapacānām) - of caṇḍālas and dog-eaters
- तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however
- बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, without, external
- ग्रामात् (grāmāt) - from the village
- प्रतिश्रयः (pratiśrayaḥ) - dwelling place, abode, refuge, shelter
- अपपात्राः (apapātrāḥ) - they should be treated as those from whom pure vessels are removed, or who must use broken/discarded vessels (those whose vessels are discarded, having impure vessels, excluded from common vessels)
- च (ca) - and, also, moreover
- कर्तव्याः (kartavyāḥ) - they should be treated or rendered thus (should be done, ought to be performed, to be made)
- धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, property, riches, treasure
- एषाम् (eṣām) - of these [caṇḍālas and śvapacas] (of these)
- श्वगर्दभम् (śvagardabham) - their sole acceptable possessions (dogs and donkeys)
Words meanings and morphology
चण्डालश्वपचानाम् (caṇḍālaśvapacānām) - of caṇḍālas and dog-eaters
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of caṇḍālaśvapaca
caṇḍālaśvapaca - caṇḍāla and dog-eater (a compound referring to these two groups)
Compound type : dvandva (caṇḍāla+śvapaca)
- caṇḍāla – an outcast, a person of the lowest class, born of a śūdra father and a brāhmaṇa mother, traditionally associated with dog-eating and cremation grounds
noun (masculine) - śvapaca – dog-eater, an outcast, a caṇḍāla
noun (masculine)
तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however
(indeclinable)
बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, without, external
(indeclinable)
ग्रामात् (grāmāt) - from the village
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of grāma
grāma - village, hamlet, collection
प्रतिश्रयः (pratiśrayaḥ) - dwelling place, abode, refuge, shelter
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pratiśraya
pratiśraya - dwelling place, abode, refuge, shelter
From prati-śrī (to resort to)
Prefix: prati
Root: śrī (class 1)
अपपात्राः (apapātrāḥ) - they should be treated as those from whom pure vessels are removed, or who must use broken/discarded vessels (those whose vessels are discarded, having impure vessels, excluded from common vessels)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of apapātra
apapātra - one whose vessels are thrown away, impure, outcast
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (apa+pātra)
- apa – away, off, forth, bad
indeclinable - pātra – vessel, dish, pot, recipient
noun (neuter)
च (ca) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
कर्तव्याः (kartavyāḥ) - they should be treated or rendered thus (should be done, ought to be performed, to be made)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kartavya
kartavya - to be done, to be made, obligatory
Gerundive
From root kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.
धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, property, riches, treasure
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dhana
dhana - wealth, property, riches, treasure, money
Root: dhā (class 3)
एषाम् (eṣām) - of these [caṇḍālas and śvapacas] (of these)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
श्वगर्दभम् (śvagardabham) - their sole acceptable possessions (dogs and donkeys)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śvagardabha
śvagardabha - dogs and donkeys (a compound)
Compound type : dvandva (śvan+gardabha)
- śvan – dog
noun (masculine) - gardabha – donkey, ass
noun (masculine)
Note: As a dvandva compound, it often takes neuter singular to denote a collective.